摘要
1 Introduction Hydraulic fracturing is a technique for increasing permeability in oil and gas resource development,grouting reinforcement in mine management,and geostress measurement.For the purpose of enhancing hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells,oriented perforating methods have been developed(Kurdi,2018;Michael and Gupta,2020a;Yan et al.,2020).Fluid is injected into the rock through perforations,which increases fluid pressure within rock and decreases rock temperature.Then,the rock around the perforation is fractured.Therefore,fracture initiation pressure is intimately connected to the reservoir’s physical and mechanical properties,geo-stress,and temperature(Morgan and Aral,2015).
基金
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51890914 and 52179119)
the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019MEE001)
the Open Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hydropower Development Key Technology(No.PKLHD202001),China。
