海水总磷总氮快速检测技术研究进展

Research Advances in Analysis Methods for the Rapid Determination of Total Phosphorus and Total Nitrogen in Seawater

海水总磷总氮是评价海水水体富营养化,预防赤潮灾害以及进行生态环境监测的重要参数,是最常用的水体污染综合指标之一。海水中总磷总氮的浓度与海洋藻类生长繁殖密切相关,实验室测定法存在分析过程繁琐、二次污染等问题,因此发展可快速、准确检测海水总磷总氮及其变化的分析技术,对开展海洋生态环境保护至关重要。本文综述了总磷和总氮的快速消解方法、快速测定方法,以及相关总磷和总氮检测仪器的研究进展,以期为未来原位实时高分辨地监测海洋总磷和总氮提供重要支撑。

Total phosphorus and total nitrogen in seawater are usually used to assess seawater eutrophication. Monitoring of these parameters is of great importance for prevention of red tide disaster in coastal zone and for evaluating the contamination of seawater. Total phosphorus and total nitrogen in seawater are essential for the growth of marine phytoplankton, and their contents could make impacts on ocean primary productivity and marine ecosystem. However, the conventional detection methods in laboratory usually suffer from problems of complex operation, time-consuming and secondary pollution, which is not suitable for the rapid determination of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in seawater. This article reviews the recent progress of the rapid detection of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in seawater, including the fast digestion methods, the rapid analysis methods as well as the related detection devices. The detection principles and the practical applications of these methods have been described. Additionally, this review provides an outlook of the further challenges in this field.