中国环境规制的就业效应研究——基于企业层面的微观影响分析

Research on the Employment Effect of China’s Environmental Regulation——Based on the enterprise level

厘清环境规制影响就业的内在机理,对推进生态文明体系建设和保就业两大政策目标具有重要意义。本文以中国上市工业企业为研究样本,系统检验环境规制在微观层面上对就业的影响及主要路径。研究结果表明:环境规制对就业效应的影响为正;环境规制主要通过影响企业市场份额以及生产成本等途径对就业岗位数量产生影响。基于此,应推进环境规制与就业政策深度融合,完善环境规制对企业技术创新的激励机制,构建环境规制、就业稳定、经济发展的良性循环。

It is of great significance to clarify the internal mechanism of environmental regulation affecting employment for promoting the construction of ecological civilization system and protecting employment. This paper takes the manufacturing enterprises in the Chinese industrial enterprise database as the research sample to systematically examine the impact and main path of environmental regulation on employment at the micro level. The results show that environmental regulation has a positive effect on employment. The environmental regulation mainly affects the number of jobs by influencing the market share of enterprises and production costs. Based on this, we should promote the deep integration of environmental regulation and employment policy, improve the incentive mechanism of environmental regulation for enterprise technological innovation, and build a virtuous circle of environmental regulation, employment stability, and economic development.