吉林省乡村人居环境可持续发展水平评价及优化对策研究

Study on the Evaluation and Promotion Strategy of Sustainable Development Level of Rural Human Settlements in Jilin Province

乡村人居环境是乡村人地关系相互作用复杂开放的巨系统,其持续发展水平受各系统间要素相互交换的影响。本研究从生产、生活和生态三方面子系统构建乡村人居环境可持续发展水平评价指标体系,采用熵权法、障碍度和协调度模型对2000~2019年吉林省乡村人居环境可持续发展水平进行了评价,并进一步分析了生产环境、生活环境和生态环境之间的协调程度变化特征以及乡村人居环境可持续发展的障碍性因素。研究结果表明:(1)2000~2019年吉林省乡村人居环境可持续发展水平评价分值基本呈直线增长趋势,发展态势良好。生活环境指数增长最快,是乡村人居环境可持续发展的主要带动因素。生产环境与生态环境缓慢波动增长。(2)研究阶段吉林省乡村人居环境协调指数经历了波动上升、降低和缓慢回升阶段。(3)研究阶段吉林省乡村人居环境的障碍因素表现由生活环境因素指标为主转变生产环境和生态环境因素为主的演化特征。2000~2019年吉林省乡村人居环境可持续发展总体表现快速增长。未来应统筹生产、生活和生态环境稳步协调发展,降低乡村人居环境障碍因素影响程度,优化改善乡村人居环境。

Rural human settlement environment is a complex system of man-land relationship,and its sustainable development level is the result of the exchange and interaction of the elements among the systems.In this study,the evaluation index system of sustainable development level of rural human settlement environment was constructed from three subsystems of production,living and ecology.Entropy weight method,obstacle degree and coordination degree model were used to evaluate the sustainable development level of rural human settlement environment in Jilin Province from 2000 to 2019.Furthermore,the changing characteristics of coordination degree among production environment,living environment and ecological environment and the hindering factors of sustainable development of rural human settlement environment are analyzed.The results show:(1)The evaluation score of sustainable development level of rural human settlements in Jilin Province from 2000 to 2019 basically shows a linear growth trend,and the development trend is good.The living environment index is the fastest growing.Production environment and ecological environment are slowly fluctuating;(2)In the research stage,the coordination index of rural human settlement environment in Jilin Province experienced the stages of fluctuating rise,decrease and slow recovery;(3)In the research stage,the obstacle factors of rural human settlement environment in Jilin Province show the evolution characteristics of changing from living environment factors to production environment and ecological environment factors.From 2000 to 2019,the sustainable development of rural human settlement environment in Jilin Province showed rapid growth.In the future,production,living and ecological environment should be coordinated and steadily developed,and the impact of obstacles to rural living environment should be reduced to optimize and improve the rural living environment.