武汉市新洲区老年人常见慢性病共病现况调查

Investigation on common chronic diseases and comorbidities in elderly people in Xinzhou District,Wuhan

目的分析武汉市新洲区老年人常见慢性病共病流行现状。方法对最近三次(2016—2021年)辖区≥65岁常住老年人进行问卷调查、体格检查及12种常见慢性病共病患病情况回顾性分析。结果新洲区2016年共体检老年人61285人,慢性病患病率、共病患病率分别为82.53%、48.13%;2018年共体检54261人,慢性病、共病患病率分别为83.13%、50.02%;2021年共体检60161人,慢性病、共病患病率分别为84.75%、53.50%,三年间比较均存在统计学意义(P<0.001)。新洲区老年人慢性病患病率逐年升高,患1种慢性病逐年下降,共病患病率逐年上升,50.00%左右的老年人患有共病,共病老年人占患病人数的60.00%以上,呈女性高于男性,且随着老年人年龄的增长患病率逐渐升高,BMI正常者慢性病患病率低于BMI异常者,随着异常者BMI的增加患病率呈逐渐升高趋势。高血压(75.39%)、高脂血症(27.45%)、糖尿病(20.54%)、骨关节病(14.38%)、高尿酸血症(13.77%)等5病三年患病率顺位相同,且稳居前5名,2021年除结石症患病率有明显增高外,其他6病患病率较2016年和2018年均有不同程度下降。结论新洲区老年人慢性病患病率较高,呈缓慢上升趋势,慢性病防控形势十分严峻,建议制定针对性综合防治干预措施。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of common chronic diseases and comorbidities in the elderly≥65 years old in Xinzhou District,Wuhan.Methods A questionnaire survey,physical examination and a retrospective analysis of 12 common chronic diseases comorbidities were conducted in 2016 and 2018 in the resident elderly≥65 years old.Results In 2016,the medical examination rate of the elderly aged≥65 years old,the prevalence rate of≥1 chronic disease,and the comorbidity rate of≥2 chronic diseases in Xinzhou District were 57.37%,82.53%,and 48.13%,respectively;in 2018,the medical examination rate,The prevalence of≥1chronic diseases and the prevalence of≥2 comorbidities were 47.57%,83.13%,and 50.02%,respectively.The comparison of the three rates in two years was statistically significant(P<0.006).The comorbidity of chronic diseases in the elderly accounted for more than 58.32%.The physical examination rate of the elderly is higher in women than in men,and higher in rural areas than in urban areas.The prevalence of chronic diseases is higher in women than in men,and the prevalence of chronic diseases is gradually increasing as the elderly ages.The prevalence of chronic diseases in people with normal BMI is lower than those with abnormal BMI,and the prevalence tend increased gradually with the increase of BMI in abnormal people.Hypertension(70.75%),hyperlipidemia(24.97%),diabetes(16.61%),osteoarthropathy(12.65%),hyperuricemia(9.35%),stroke(8.32%),eyes and appendages(5.88%)ranked the same in 2016 and 2018.Except for hyperuricemia,the prevalence of the other six diseases decreased in 2018 compared with 2016.Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly≥65 years old in Xinzhou District is relatively high,showing a slow upward trend.About 50.00%of the elderly suffer from comorbidities.The situation of chronic disease prevention and control is still severe.It is recommended to develop comprehensive prevention and control interventions among this population.