《滇南本草》骨伤科病症用药规律初探

A preliminary study on the law of medication for orthopedic diseases in Diannan Bencao

目的:为更好地运用《滇南本草》药物治疗骨伤科疾病,对其药物规律进行总结分析。方法:选择《滇南本草》中记载的与走经络、筋骨疼痛、痹、活血化瘀止血等关键词有关的药物137种,作为本次研究的主要资料,然后应用频数统计方法对药物进行统计分析。结果:主治和功效统计:频数最高的是具有改善疼痛作用的药物,占有效药物的46.0%,其余依次为具有活血、止血、补血作用的药物,占有效药物的33.6%;同时具有改善筋骨疼痛与活血、止血、补血功效的药物,占有效药物的16.1%;单纯补肝肾强筋骨通经络的药物,占有效药物的3.6%。药性统计:频数最高的是温性药物,占有效药物的43.0%。药味统计:频数最高的是甘味药,占有效药物的32.8%。结论:《滇南本草》中有约五分之二的药物可用于治疗骨伤科疾病,其中有80余种药物具有改善筋骨疼痛症状的功效,可辨证用于治疗以疼痛为主要症状的骨伤科疾患。有60余种药物具有活血、止血、补血的功效,可辨证用于以肿胀瘀血为主的骨伤科疾患,因此,对临床治疗骨伤科疾病具有重要的指导意义。

Objective:To make better use of Diannan Bencao(《滇南本草》)in the treatment of orthopedic diseases,and to summarize and analyze its law of medication.Methods:A total of 137 drugs related to key words such as meridian tropism,muscle pain,arthralgia,activating blood circulation,removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding recorded in Diannan Bencao were selected as the main data of this study.Then frequency statistics was performed to analyze the drugs.Results:Indications and efficacy statistics shows that the drugs with the effect of relieving pain have the highest frequency,accounting for 46.0%of the effective drugs,followed by the drugs with the effects of activating blood,stopping bleeding and replenishing blood,accounting for 33.6%of the effective drugs.At the same time,the drugs with the effect of improving muscle and relieving bone pain and activating blood,stopping bleeding and replenishing blood accounts for 16.1%of the effective drugs.The drugs that simply are used to tonify liver and kidney,strengthen tendons and bones and channel collaterals accounts for 3.6%of the effective drugs.According to statistics of drug properties,the most frequent drugs are mild drugs,accounting for 43.0%of effective drugs.According to the statistics of medicine taste,the most frequent drug is sweet medicine,accounting for 32.8%of effective medicines.Conclusion:About two-fifths of the drugs in Diannan Bencao can be used to treat orthopedic diseases,among them,more than 80 kinds of drugs with the effect of improving muscle and relieving bone pain symptoms can be used for the treatment of orthopaedic diseases with pain as the main symptom.There are more than 60 kinds of medicines with the effect of promoting blood circulation,stopping bleeding and replenishing blood,which can be used for swelling and blood stasis.Therefore,it has important guiding significance for clinical treatment of bone injury.