微藻在污水处理中的二氧化碳减排作用与机制

Effect and Mechanism of Microalgae on Carbon Dioxide Emission Reduction in Wastewater Treatment

微藻因光和效率高、固碳性能好等特点,被认为是最具有潜力的固碳生物。该文在对现有碳固定方法优缺点分析的基础上,探讨了微藻碳固定的机理、影响微藻固碳效率的环境因素和微藻固碳的强化方法,总结归纳了微藻在近年来污水处理中的应用,对基于微藻固碳协同废水处理的经济性展开分析,提出了微藻固碳及其在污水处理碳减排研究中应重点关注的问题。基于微藻的固碳技术可降低固碳成本,与废水处理相结合可取得碳固定与污染物去除的双重效益。藻-菌联用处理污水是极具经济潜力价值的污水处理工艺,不但污染物去除效率高,而且能够减少碳排放,节省能源、碳源,并产出高附加值微藻生物质。下步可向微藻固碳机制的深入研究及高性能微藻和菌株的筛选、微藻与细菌联合工艺的深入研究和新型固碳生物反应器的开发等多方面开展。

Microalgae are considered as the most potential carbon sequestration organisms due to their high photosynthetic efficiency and high carbon sequestration performance.Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing carbon fixation methods,this paper discusses the mechanism of microalgae carbon fixation,environmental factors that affect the efficiency of microalgae carbon fixation,and strengthening methods of microalgae carbon fixation,summarizes the application of microalgae in wastewater treatment in recent years,and analyzes the economics of microalgae carbon fixation combined with wastewater treatment.The key problems of microalgae carbon sequestration and carbon reduction in wastewater treatment were put forward.Carbon sequestration based on microalgae can reduce carbon sequestration costs and achieve dual benefits of carbon fixation and pollutant removal when combined with wastewater treatment.Algae-bacteria combined treatment of wastewater is a wastewater treatment process with great economic potential value.It not only has high pollutant removal efficiency,but also can reduce carbon emissions,save energy and carbon source,and produce high value-added microalgae biomass.Future research should be carried out from the following aspects,including in-depth study on the mechanism of microalgae sequestration,screening of high-performance microalgae and bacterial strains,in-depth study on the combined process of microalgae and bacteria,and development of new carbon sequestration bioreactor.