Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes二维材料的制备及其陶瓷基复合材料的研究现状

Research Progress in Preparation of Two-dimensional Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes and Their Ceramic Matrix Composites

二维钛碳化物(Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes)具有独特的层状结构、优异的电学性能、良好的化学稳定性和较高的比表面积,被广泛应用于能源、存储、医学、电磁屏蔽和传感器等领域。通过液相法选择性刻蚀钛基MAX相中的A位元素,可制得Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes。Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes作为增强相,与陶瓷材料有效复合形成陶瓷基复合材料,进而改善陶瓷材料的使用性能。目前,绿色高效制备无氟Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes的研究尚处于起步阶段,且Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes陶瓷基复合材料的增强机理和高温使用性能仍有待探究。综述了Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes的制备方法,同时介绍了Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes在陶瓷基复合材料中的应用,并对Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes的发展趋势和面临的问题进行了展望。

Two-dimensional Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes with a unique layered structure, possess excellent electrical properties and high specific surface area, which are widely used in energy storage, medicine, electromagnetic shielding, sensors and so on.Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes are usually prepared by selective etching the aluminum layer in the MAX phase. Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes effectively combine with ceramic phases to form composites, leading to enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption capacity,mechanical and thermal properties. The search for green and efficient method to prepare fluorine-free Tin+1Cn Tx is still at the starting stage. The reinforcement mechanism and high-temperature performance of Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes ceramic matrix composites still need to be explored. In this article, the Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes synthesis methods reported in the open literature will be overviewed. Meanwhile, the application of Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes in ceramic matrix composites will be introduced.Moreover, the development directions and problems of Ti_(n+1)C_(n)T_(x)-MXenes will be proposed.