AMPK通路介导骨代谢相关细胞自噬调控牙周炎骨稳态的研究进展

Research progress on an autophagy-mediating AMPK pathway involving bone metabolism-related cells that regulate bone homeostasis in periodontitis

破骨细胞是体内唯一负责骨吸收的细胞,成骨细胞是体内负责骨再生的主要细胞,生理情况下,二者保持动态平衡,以维持骨稳态。过去普遍认为,骨代谢的失衡主要受相关炎症因子表达影响,但随着近年来相关研究的逐渐深入,发现自噬与破骨细胞、成骨细胞的分化、凋亡及功能关系密切。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)是体内能量代谢的重要调节器,同时AMPK参与了调控骨代谢相关细胞的自噬及骨稳态。牙周炎是一种慢性感染性疾病,其典型的症状为牙槽骨吸收。目前在临床上如何更有效地控制牙周炎症水平及牙槽骨的吸收依然是个难题,未来针对AMPK及骨代谢相关细胞自噬水平的检测对于牙周炎的临床防治上具有一定前景。因此,本文就AMPK介导的骨代谢相关细胞自噬调控牙周炎症水平及骨稳态作一综述。

Osteoclasts are the only cells responsible for bone resorption in the body,and osteoblasts are the main cells responsible for bone regeneration in the body.Under physiological conditions,these cells maintain a dynamic balance to maintain bone homeostasis.It was widely believed that the imbalance of bone metabolism is mainly affected by the expression of related inflammatory factors.However,with the gradual expansion of related studies in recent years,autophagy has been shown to be closely related to the differentiation,apoptosis and functions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts.AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)is an important regulator of energy metabolism in vivo and is involved in the regulation of autophagy and bone homeostasis in bone metabolism-related cells.Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease,and its typical symptoms are alveolar bone resorption.At present,controlling the level of periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption more effectively in clinical practice remains a challenge.The detection of AMPK and autophagy levels in bone metabolism-related cells shows certain prospects for the clinical prevention and treatment of periodontitis in the future.Therefore,this article reviews the regulation of periodontal inflammation levels and bone homeostasis through cell autophagy related to AMPK-mediated bone metabolism.