水流速度及冲洗时长对口腔综合治疗台水路细菌数的影响

Influence of water flow velocity and flushing duration on number of bacteria in waterways of oral comprehensive treatment table

目的 探讨水流速度及冲洗时长对口腔综合治疗台水路细菌数的影响。方法 选择2021年1月至2022年1月河北邯郸市中心医院口腔科口腔综合治疗台(DCU)椅位数20台为调查对象,使用无菌试管及无菌吸管采集三用枪水、高速手机水、漱口水水样,连续取样6周,共获取漱口水取样120份、三用枪水取样240份(不同水流速度及不同水流量各120份)、高速手机水开诊前取样240份(不同水流速度及不同水流量各120份)、高速手机水诊间取样240份(常规水速和最高水速各120份),检测并分析三用枪水、高速手机水、漱口水出水管细菌污染情况。比较开诊前DCU漱口水不同冲水段(第1杯、第2杯、第3杯、第4杯)的细菌数、三用枪水不同冲洗时长(5 s、10 s、20 s、30 s及40 s)、冲水量(2 mL、4 mL、6 mL、8 mL及10 mL)的细菌数;比较高速手机水开诊前与诊疗时段不同冲洗时长(5 s、10 s、20 s、30 s、40 s、50 s及60 s)、冲水量(2 mL、4 mL、6 mL、8 mL及10 mL)的细菌数。结果 开诊前,第4杯DCU漱口水细菌数合格率高于第1杯、第2杯水,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三用枪水冲洗40 s细菌数检测合格率高于冲洗5 s、冲洗8 mL和10 mL时细菌数检测合格率高于冲水2 mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高速手机水冲洗180 s菌数检测合格率高于冲洗30 s,冲洗10 mL菌数检测合格率高于冲洗2 mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。诊间,高速手机水常规水速冲洗60 s、50 s菌数检测合格率高于冲洗5 s、最高水速冲洗60 s、50 s、40 s菌数检测合格率高于冲洗5 s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 DCU各水路水流速度的适当增加及冲洗时长的适当延长,有助于降低DCU水路污染。

Objective To explore the influence of water flow rate and flushing duration on the number of bacteria in the waterways of the oral comprehensive treatment table. Methods The oral cavity comprehensive treatment unit(DCU) of the Stomatology Department of Handan Central Hospital in Hebei Province was selected as the survey object, with a total of 20 chairs. Samples of three use gun water, high-speed mobile phone water and mouthwash water were collected using sterile test tubes and sterile straws. Samples were taken for six consecutive weeks. A total of 120 samples of mouthwash, 240 samples of three use gun water(120 for different water velocities and flows), 240 samples of high-speed mobile phone water before diagnosis(120 for different water velocities and flows) and 240 samples of high-speed mobile phone water during treatment were obtained(120 for normal water speed and 120 for maximum water speed), and the bacterial contamination of three use gun water, high-speed mobile phone water and mouthwash outlet pipes was detected and analyzed. Comparison was made on the number of bacteria in different flushing intervals(0~20 mL, 21~40 mL, 41~60 mL, 61~80 mL) of DCU mouthwash, the number of bacteria in different flushing periods(5, 10 s, 20 s, 30 s and 40 s) of three use gun water, and the amount of bacteria in flushing(2 mL, 4 mL, 6 mL, 8 mL and 10 mL) before diagnosis. The number of bacteria in different flushing time(5 s, 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 40 s, 50 s and 60 s) and flushing volume(2 mL, 4 mL, 6 mL, 8 mL and 10 mL) of high-speed mobile phone water before diagnosis and treatment were compared. Results Before the diagnosis, the qualified rate of bacteria count in DCU mouthwash with 61-80 mL flushing volume was higher than that in 0-20 mL and 21-40 mL flushing volume, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The qualified rate of bacterial count detection after 40 seconds of rinsing with three gun water was higher than that after 5 seconds of rinsing, and the qualified rate of bacterial count detection after 8 mL and 10 mL of rinsing was higher than that after 2 mL of rinsing, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The qualified rate of bacteria count detection after 180 s of high-speed mobile phone water washing was higher than that after 30 s of washing, and the qualified rate of bacteria count detection after 10 mL of washing was higher than that after 2 mL of washing, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). In the clinic, the qualified rate of bacteria count detection in 60 s and 50 s of high-speed mobile phone water washing with conventional water speed was higher than that in 5 s of washing, and the qualified rate of bacteria count detection in 60 s, 50 s and 40 s of maximum water speed was higher than that in 5 s of washing, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusions The increase of water flow speed and flushing duration of DCU waterways helps to improve the qualification rate of bacteria detection in waterways and reduce the pollution of DCU waterways.