1215例江苏城乡高中生健康素养与体质健康水平现状及影响因素研究

Investigation on the current status and influencing factors of health literacy and physical health level of 1215 high school students in urban and rural region of Jiangsu province

目的:对1215名江苏省高中生健康素养和体质健康的基本现状及影响因素研究,可以为促进高中生的健康成长提供实证基础研究的依据与参考。方法:研究采用多级抽样的方式(分层抽样法与随机抽样法),对市区和乡镇一共8所学校,发放并反馈回收1284份问卷,有效问卷为1215份,总体回收有效率为94.62%。运用独立样本t检验与F分析,并运行多元线性回归模型分析家庭经济因素与健康素养及体质健康总分的相关性,并成立模型方程。结果:健康素养具备率为8.45%。体质测试及格率67.56%,良好率27.25%,优秀率为1.1%。城市高中生的健康素养评分高于乡镇。重点学校高中生的健康素养总分高于普通学校。父亲不同学历的高中生体质测试得分比较,除引体向上得分(P<0.05)外,均没有统计学意义,基本知识得分比较P<0.05,健康素养测试总分比较P>0.05。母亲不同学历的高中生体质测试得分比较,除女生仰卧起坐成绩外(P<0.05),差异无统计学意义,健康素养测试总分及基本知识、生活方式得分比较,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。家庭年收入5万~7.99万元的体质测试的总分最高,家庭年收入在8万~9.99万元组高中生的健康素养测试的综合水平最高,家庭年收入小于10000元的最低。体质测试总分与技能实践得分、学校分布及父亲学历存在正向关联。结论:江苏城乡地区高中生的体质健康水平均较好,但健康素养具备率较低。体质测试总分与技能实践得分、学校分布及父亲学历存在正向关联。高中生母亲本科学历水平与中高水平的家庭年收入对高中生体质健康以及健康素养的影响最为广泛。

Objective:To study the current status and influencing factors of health literacy and physical health of 1215 high school students in urban and rural region of Jiangsu province.Methods:Multi-stage sampling method(stratified sampling and random sampling)was used in this study.1284 questionnaires were distributed and returned from 8 schools in urban and rural region of Jiangsu province,1215 of which were effective,representing a response rate of 94.62%(1215/1284).Using independent-samples t-test,one way ANOVA analysis,and multiple linear regression model to analyze the correlation between family economic factors and health literacy or total score of physical health,and to establish the model equation.Results:The rate of students with health literacy was 8.45%.The passing rate of physical fitness test was 67.56%,with the good rate of 27.25%and the excellent rate of 1.1%.The health literacy score of urban high school students was higher than that of township.The total score of health literacy of students from the key high schools was higher than that of the normal high schools.Except for the pull-up score(P<0.05),there was no statistical significance in the comparison of physical fitness test score of high school students with different educational background of their father,with the comparison of basic knowledge scores(P<0.05)and the total health literacy test scores(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the physical fitness test scores of high school students with different educational background of their mother,except for the sit-ups scores of girls(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the comparison of total score of health literacy test and the scores of basic knowledge and lifestyle(P<0.05).The total score of the physical fitness test of high school students with an annual family income of 50000-79900 CNY was the highest,the comprehensive level of the health literacy test of high school students with an annual family income of 80000-99900 CNY was the highest,and the high school students with annual family income of less than 10000 CNY had the lowest scores.The results indicated that here was a positive correlation between the total score of physical fitness test and the skill practice test score,school location and father’s education.Conclusion:The physical health level of high school students in urban and rural areas of Jiangsu province is good,but the health literacy is low.There is a positive correlation between the total score of physical fitness test and the skill practice test score,school location and father’s education.The mothers’education background and high-level family annual income of high school students affect their physical health and health literacy mostly.