金属材料损伤理论模型的研究综述

Research Review on the Damage Theoretical Model of Metal Materials

金属材料塑性变形中伴随着表面缺陷、内部缺陷、损伤裂纹等,这些缺陷形式严重制约着金属的加工及其性能的提升。基于连续损伤力学理论和细观损伤力学理论,综述了其所对应的力学损伤模型,然后依据损伤模型的构建,可以有效地预测出材料的裂纹损伤,从而对后续的二次开发和仿真应用做了良好的铺垫。通过研究对比,Johnson-Cook模型以其简单的乘法形式、出色的预测应变速率和温度范围内力学行为的能力得到了研究者们的广泛应用,其形式非常适合于有限元程序模拟及其验证,而且该模型一直在不断地完善与优化。

The plastic deformation of metal material is accompanied by surface defects, internal defects, damage cracks, etc., and these defects seriously restrict the processing of metal and its performance improvement. Therefore, the continuous damage mechanics theory and the fine view of the damage mechanics theory were reviewed, and then according to the damage model construction, to effectively predict the material crack damage, thus making a good foundation for the subsequent secondary development and simulation application. By comparison, the Johnson-Cook model has been widely used by researchers in its simple multiplication form, owing to its excellent ability to predict strain rate and mechanical behavior in the temperature range. The model is very suitable for finite element program simulation and its verification, and has been continuously improved and optimized.