新时代高职院校学生美育现状与优化进路——基于全国30所高职院校的问卷调查

Current Situation and Optimization Approach of Aesthetic Education for Students in Higher Vocational Colleges in the New Era——Based on the Questionnaire Survey in 30 Higher Vocational Colleges in China

面向全国30所高职院校开展的问卷调查结果显示,高职院校学生对美育有较高认同度,但仍有进一步的提升空间;大多牢固树立马克思主义美育观,对中华美学精神、中华美育精神充满自信;希望成为“生活中的艺术家”,但对美育仍怀有一定功利性目的;对学校美育整体评价一般,对家庭美育、社会美育、自然美育等充满期待;自我美育素养评价良好,但审美判断力、鉴赏力等亟需增强。与此同时,高职院校加强改进学生美育工作面临着诸多挑战,正处于“设计规划期”“磨合阵痛期”“反思改进期”和“探索试错期”。想要补齐短板、攻克难题、突破瓶颈,高职院校应围绕人才培养目标,在“五育并举”中强化以美育人;坚持中国美育道路,在“两个牢铸”中提升审美素养;遵循学生成长规律,在“四向发力”中做到育美无声;完善工作评价保障,在“三个推动”中确保美育质效。

A questionnaire survey conducted to students in 30 higher vocational colleges across the country shows that students in higher vocational colleges have a high recognition of aesthetic education, but there is still room for further improvement. Most of them possess firmly established Marxist aesthetic education concept and are confident of the Chinese aesthetic spirit and the Chinese aesthetic education spirit, and hope to become an "artist in life", but still have a certain utilitarian purpose for aesthetic education. Their overall evaluation of school aesthetic education is average and they are full of expectations for family aesthetic education,social aesthetic education, natural aesthetic education, etc. They have a good evaluation of their self-aesthetic quality, but their aesthetic judgment and appreciation need to be strengthened urgently. At the same time,higher vocational colleges are faced with many challenges in strengthening and improving students’ aesthetic education, and they are in the "design planning period", "running-in pain period", "reflection and improvement period" and "exploration trial and error period". In order to make up for the shortcomings,overcome the difficulties and break the bottleneck, higher vocational colleges should focus on the goal of talent training and strengthen the aesthetic education in the "simultaneous development of five educations", adhere to the path of Chinese aesthetic education and improve aesthetic quality in the "two solid castings", follow the law of students’ growth, and cultivate beauty silently in the "four directions", and improve the work evaluation guarantee and ensure the quality and efficiency of aesthetic education in the "three promotions".