前瞻性护理干预在自发性气胸患者围手术期中的应用

Application of Prospective Nursing Intervention in Perioperative Period of Patients with Spontaneous Pneumothorax

目的 将前瞻性护理应用在自发性气胸的围手术期护理中,分析所取得的效果。方法 对2019年4月至2020年3月来我院治疗的86例自发性气胸手术患者纳入研究对象,以随机方法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例,分别按前瞻性护理和常规护理予以围手术期护理指导,对比两组患者术后并发症、康复时间、负面情绪、生活质量和满意度等方面的差异。结果 (1)观察组(7例,占16.28%)出现并发症的概率比对照组(19例,占44.19%)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)在机械通气、胃肠功能恢复和住院时间方面,观察组比对照组明显更少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)护理前两组患者的HAMA和HAMD分数均在15分以上且差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理之后观察组在HAMA和HAMD分数的改善幅度上相比对照组更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)护理前两组患者的SF-36分数均在15分以上且差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理之后观察组在SF-36分数的改善幅度上相比对照组更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(5)观察组(39例,占90.70%)患者对满意度的认可上比对照组(31例,占72.09%)高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 以手术方案对自发性气胸患者实施治疗时围手术期按照前瞻性护理原则开展护理指导能提升患者的康复效率,以避免合并症出现,能有效的缩短患者康复所需的时间,同时改善患者的负面心态,使生活质量得到提升,也能提高患者对护理的认可度。

Objective To study the effect of prospective nursing intervention in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax during operation. Methods A total of 86 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax surgery who were treated in our hospital from April 2019 to March 2020 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with an average of 43 cases in each group. The patients in the observation group chose to use prospective nursing, and the control group cooperated with routine nursing. The differences in postoperative complications, recovery time, negative mood, quality of life and satisfaction between the two groups were compared. Results(1) The incidence of complications after nursing in the observation group(7 cases, accounting for 16.28%) was lower than that in the control group(19 cases, accounting for 44.19%), which met the principle of statistical difference(P<0.05).(2) The observation group had less mechanical ventilation time, gastrointestinal function recovery time and hospitalization time after nursing, and the difference was significant compared with the control group, which met the principle of statistical difference(P<0.05).(3) The HAMA scores and HAMD scores of the two groups of patients before nursing were both over 15 points, and there was no significant difference between them(P>0.05). Both the HAMA score and the HAHD score decreased in both groups after nursing, but the decline was greater in the observation group, meeting the principle of statistical difference(P<0.05).(4) The SF-36 quality of life scale scores of the two groups of patients before nursing were both lower than 70 points, and the difference between them was not significant(P>0.05). The scores of SF-36 quality of life scale were improved after nursing, but the improvement in the observation group was more obvious, which satisfied the principle of statistical difference(P<0.05).(5) The observation group patients’ satisfaction with nursing(39 cases, accounting for 90.70%) after nursing was higher than that of the control group(31 cases, accounting for 72.09%), which met the principle of statistical difference(P<0.05). Conclusion Prospective nursing intervention for patients with spontaneous pneumothorax surgery can reduce the impact of complications on patients’ rehabilitation, at the same time,it can effectively shorten the time required for patients’ rehabilitation, reduce patients’ anxiety and depression, improve the overall quality of life, and make patients feel more comfortable. Nursing is more accepting and satisfying.