基于知信行模式的健康教育对糖尿病肾病血液透析患者健康行为的影响

Influence of Health Education Based on Knowledge,Attitude,Belief and Practice Mode on Health Behavior of Diabetic Nephropathy Patients with Hemodialysis

目的:探讨基于知信行模式的健康教育对糖尿病肾病(DN)血液透析患者健康行为的影响。方法:选取2020年8月-2021年8月漳州市第二医院血液净化室行血液透析的106例DN患者,应用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组及对照组,每组53例。对照组血液透析期间行常规健康指导,观察组血液透析期间实施基于知信行模式的健康教育。比较两组自我管理能力、健康行为、血液透析相关并发症、血液透析依从性及患者满意度。结果:干预后,观察组各维度自我管理能力评分及总分、各维度健康行为评分及总分较对照组高(P<0.05)。而观察组血液透析并发症发生率低于对照组,观察组血液透析依从率及患者满意度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于知信行模式的健康教育能有效提高DN血液透析患者自我管理能力,促使患者建立健康行为,有效降低血液透析相关并发症,提高患者治疗依从性及满意度。

Objective:To explore the effect of health education based on the knowledge,attitude,belief and practice mode on the health behavior of diabetic nephropathy(DN)patients with hemodialysis.Method:A total of 106 patients with DN who underwent hemodialysis in the Blood Purification Room of the Second Hospital of Zhangzhou City from August 2020 to August 2021 were selected,they were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,with 53 cases in each group.The control group received routine health guidance during hemodialysis,and the observation group received health education based on knowledge,attitude,belief and practice mode during hemodialysis.Self-management ability,health behavior,hemodialysisrelated complications,hemodialysis compliance and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Result:After the intervention,the self-management ability scores of all dimensions and total scores,the health behavior scores of all dimensions and total scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of hemodialysis complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the hemodialysis compliance rate and satisfaction rate of patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health education based on the knowledge,attitude,belief and practice mode can effectively improve the self-management ability of hemodialysis patients with DN,promote the establishment of healthy behaviors,effectively reduce hemodialysis-related complications,and improve the treatment compliance and satisfaction of patients.