舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗不同年龄组变应性鼻炎患者的分阶段效果观察

Clinical Observation on Efficacy of Sublingual Therapy with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops on Patients with Allergic Rhinitis of Different Age Groups

目的:观察舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂对于不同年龄组变应性鼻炎患者的免疫治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析2019年2月-2020年8月在江苏省中西医结合医院耳鼻喉科就诊的142例对粉尘螨过敏的、并采取舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗的变应性鼻炎患者资料,将其按年龄分为<14岁组,≥14岁组,评估两组患者舌下含服免疫治疗前,以及治疗6个月、1年、2年后的鼻部症状总评分(TNSS)、体征评分和视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分变化情况,并进行统计学分析。结果:与治疗前相比,患者舌下含服特异性免疫治疗6个月、1年、2年后,<14岁组和≥14岁组TNSS、鼻部体征评分及鼻部症状的VAS评分均有显著改善(P<0.05)。两组治疗前及治疗后的各个时间点的TNSS及鼻部体征评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在治疗前和治疗6个月后,两组VAS评分差异均有统计学意义(P=0.024、0.003),但在治疗1年和2年后,组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:使用粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服免疫治疗的方法治疗不同年龄组对粉尘螨过敏的变应性鼻炎患者,是一种明确有效的治疗措施。

Objective:To observe the efficacy of sublingual therapy with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops on patients with allergic rhinitis of different age groups.Method:The data of 142 patients with allergic rhinitis who were sensitized to house dust mites and were treated with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops from February 2019 to August 2020 in Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine were analyzed retrospectively.Patients were divided into two groups according to the age,<14 years group and≥14 years group.Before and 6 months,1 year and 2 years after sublingual immunotherapy,the total nasal symptom score(TNSS),sign scores and visual analogue scale(VAS)score of each patients in two groups were evaluated.Result:The TNSS,sign scores and VAS of each patients in<14 years group and≥14 years group had improved significantly 6 months,1year and 2 years after sublingual immunotherapy compared with before treatment(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in TNSS and nasal sign scores between the two groups before treatment and at each time point after treatment(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in VAS scores between the two groups before treatment and after 6 months of treatment(P=0.024,0.003),but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups after 1 year and 2 years of treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion:The sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops is an effective treatment measure for the patients with allergic rhinitis of different age groups,who are sensitized to house dust mites.