发展性照顾护理在早产儿中的应用效果

Application effects of developmental nursing in premature infants

目的:观察发展性照顾护理在早产儿中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年8月至2020年9月于该院出生的86例早产儿进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各43例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予发展性照顾护理,比较两组护理前后体格发育指标水平、免疫指标[免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、IgA]水平、睡眠时间、进奶量及不良发育结局(认知障碍、神经系统发育落后、支气管肺发育不良)。结果:出生后14、30 d,观察组头围、身长及体质量增长值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出生后30 d,两组IgG、IgA水平均高于出生时,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组睡眠时间长于对照组,进奶量多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良发育结局发生率为18.60%(8/43),低于对照组的39.53%(17/43),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:发展性照顾护理应用于早产儿可促进体格发育,提高免疫球蛋白水平和进奶量,延长睡眠时间,降低不良发育结局发生率,效果优于常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of developmental nursing in premature infants.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 86 premature infants born in the hospital from August 2019 to September 2020.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,43 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given developmental nursing.The physical development index levels,the immunoglobulin index levels[immunoglobulin G(IgG),IgA],the sleep time,the milk intake,and the adverse development outcomes were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:14 and 30days after birth,the levels of head circumference,body length and weight gain in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At 30 days after birth,the levels of IgG and IgA in the two groups were higher than those at birth,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The average daily sleep time of the observation group was longer than that of the control group,the average daily milk intake was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of adverse developmental outcomes in the observation group was 18.60%(8/43),which was lower than 39.53%(17/43)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The developmental nursing for the premature infants can improve the levels of physical development indexes and immunoglobulin indexes and the average daily milk intake,prolong the average daily sleep time,and reduce the incidence of adverse development outcomes.Moreover,it is superior to the routine nursing.