不同茄子品种对枯萎病的抗病性比较

Resistance Comparison of Different Eggplant Varieties to Fusarium Wilt

本试验对田间自然发病的成株期的28个茄子品种进行了枯萎病发生情况调查及抗病性比较。结果表明:在相同的栽培条件下,供试的28个茄子品种对茄子枯萎病的抗病性存在差异,其中黑冠早茄(自交)、40号为免疫品种,33号、绿茄124等6个品种为高抗品种,1号、春晓等5个品种为高感品种,苏崎四号、新黑龙长等8个品种为中感品种,迎春1号、84-1等7个品种为中抗品种。不同类型的茄子品种抗病性比较分析可知,圆绿茄中的中抗品种占比最高,为40.0%;无免疫品种;高感、中感和高抗品种占比相等,均为20.0%。长绿茄中的高抗品种占比最多,达到66.6%;免疫品种和高感品种占比均为16.7%。长紫茄中的中感品种占比最多,占比为41.2%;中抗品种次之,占比为29.4%;高感品种占比为17.6%;免疫品种和高抗品种占比均为5.9%。不同的栽培环境中,同一品种茄子枯萎病的发病情况不同,露天网室的茄子比温室大棚的茄子发病率和病情指数均低。

This experiment investigated the occurrence of fusarium wilt and compared the disease resistance of 28eggplant varieties with natural disease in the field at the mature stage.The results showed that the resistance of different eggplant varieties to fusarium wilt was different.Among all the varieties,Heiguan Zaoqie(inbred)and No.40 were immune varieties.Six varieties including No.33,Lyuqie 124 and so on were highly resistant varieties.Five varieties including No.1,Chunxiao and so on were highly sensitive varieties.Eight varieties including Suqi 4,Xinhei Longchang and so on were moderately sensitive varieties.Seven varieties including Yingchun 1,84-1 and so on were moderately resistant varieties.Disease resistance of different eggplant varieties was compared.The proportion of moderately resistant varieties in round and green eggplant was the highest,accounting for 40.0%;there were no immune varieties;the proportion of highly sensitive,moderately sensitive and highly resistant varieties was 20.0%,respectively.The proportion of highly resistant varieties in long and green eggplant was the highest(66.6%),that of immune and highly sensitive varieties accounted for 16.7%,respectively.Among the long and purple eggplant varieties,the proportion of moderately sensitive varieties was the highest,accounting for 41.2%;the proportion of moderately resistant and highly sensitive varieties was the second and the third respectively,accounting for 29.4%and 17.6%respectively;the proportion of immune and highly resistant varieties accounted for 5.9%,respectively.Under different cultivation environments,the occurrence of the same eggplant variety to fusarium wilt was different.Eggplant varieties grown in net room had lower incidence and disease index than the same eggplant varieties grown in greenhouse.