ChatGPT教育应用的伦理风险与规避进路

Ethical Risks and Avoidance Approaches of ChatGPT in Educational Application

智能时代ChatGPT强势崛起,生成式人工智能惊艳大众,引领人工智能走向场景落地,为教育领域变革带来巨大机遇。ChatGPT为教育创造有益价值的同时,也带来一系列伦理风险。本文阐述了ChatGPT的发展脉络和内涵特征,揭示ChatGPT教育应用存在的伦理风险,包括:数据隐私的泄露与滥用、机器算法的歧视与偏见、师生关系的弱化与破坏、学术公平的失信与失衡。本文从博弈论视角出发,从道德伦理角度剖析“教育-ChatGPT”之间的最优关系,提出ChatGPT教育应用伦理困境的规避建议:唤醒大众意识与保护数据隐私,警惕惯性认知与防范算法偏见,把握任务重心与调节师生关系,规训道德行为与重塑学术公平,以此增强“教育-ChatGPT”的应用价值利益,共建教育人工智能伦理规范,促进教育人工智能理性发展。

ChatGPT has emerged strongly in the era of intelligence,and the generative Artificial Intelligence(A.I.)has amazed the public,leading A.I.further toward extensive implementation with breakthrough opportunities for changes in education.While ChatGPT brings in beneficial value for education,it also introduces a series of ethical risk issues.This article describes characteristics of ChatGPT,and its development to reveal the ethical risks of ChatGPT applications in education including leakage and abuse of data privacy,discrimination and bias of machine algorithms,negative impact on teacher-student relationship,and loss of trust and imbalance of academic fairness.Based on the game theory,the article analyzes the"education-ChatGPT"relationship from a moral and ethical perspective and proposes to solve the ethical issues by enhancing public awareness,protecting data privacy,alerting inertia perception and preventing algorithmic bias,fostering and regulating teacherstudent relationship.To enhance the value of"education-ChatGPT",the article suggests to establish an ethical code of educational A.I.and to promote the rational development of educational A.I.for education.