人机协同精准教学整体框架与关键环节设计

Design on the Overall Framework and Key Links of Human-computer Collaborative Precision Teaching

人机协同精准教学是人与机器相互协作、取长补短,形成正反馈关系,共同完成精准学情获取、精准确定目标、精准设计资源、精准教学干预的教学方式。其中,学情获取是开展精准教学的前提,教学目标是精准教学的起点与灵魂,教学资源是精准教学的客体与内容,教学干预是精准教学的核心。本研究设计这四个关键环节的实施过程,通过建立教学目标序列、颗粒化教学资源、层次化教学干预与差异化学习需求之间的动态映射与匹配关系,实现“按需定教”;构建了班级整体教学干预、小组分层教学干预和个体特征教学干预三层次人机协同课堂教学干预机制。教师还需结合课程特征、课程内容和学生认知发展阶段,依据学生的共性与个性开展教学干预,才能有效破解规模化教学与个性化培养这一根本矛盾,提升教育教学质量。

Human-machine collaborative precision teaching is the interaction between people and machines to accomplish instructional goals by learning from each other, creating positive feedback, and jointly completing the four key elements of precision teaching: Information acquisition, precision teaching goal determination, precision teaching resource design, and precision teaching intervention.Among them, Information acquisition is the premise of precision teaching, teaching goals are the starting point and soul of precision teaching, teaching resources are the object and content of precision teaching, and teaching intervention is the core of precision teaching. This study, based on the requirements and processes for the implementation of these four key elements, established a dynamic mapping system to achieve "teaching according to needs" by matching relationship between teaching objectives and the sequence, identifying specific required teaching resources, realizing multi-level interventions informed by differentiated learning needs. The study focused on the research and construction of the "three-level" human-computer collaborative teaching intervention mechanism for the interventions of overall class teaching, the group layered teaching, and the individual characteristic teaching. These three mechanisms need to be designed in coordination with the characteristics of the curriculum, the content of the curriculum and the cognitive ability of students, while taking full account of the generality and individuality of students. Through this, it is hoped to effectively solve the fundamental contradiction between the modular teaching of large and medium-sized class and personalized training, and vigorously improve the quality of education and teaching.