急性脑梗死治疗研究新进展

New progress in treatment of acute cerebral infarction

急性脑梗死(Acute cerebral infarction,ACI)是一类临床较为常见的神经系统缺血性疾病,是由于动脉阻塞或狭窄导致停止为大脑提供血液和氧气所致.由于血液供应停止而引发的缺血缺氧,导致部分脑细胞发生不可逆性死亡,从而引发一系列临床症状和体征,包括肢体感觉和运动障碍、语言障碍、情感障碍及认知功能异常等.对于此类患者,应尽快恢复脑组织血液供应、保护神经组织、降低神经功能缺损程度.目前的治疗方法包括脑水肿的治疗、神经保护、溶栓治疗、抗血小板治疗和康复治疗等.此文对近年来急性脑梗死治疗的新进展及相关文献进行了复习并作一综述,以期为临床ACI治疗提供一定的参考.

Acute cerebral infarction(ACI)is a kind of clinical common nervous system ischemic disease,which is caused by the stoppage of blood and oxygen supply to the brain due to arterial obstruction or stenosis.Ischemia and hypoxia caused by the cessation of blood supply lead to irreversible death of some brain cells,leading to a series of clinical symptoms and signs,including limb sensory and motor disorders,language disorders,emotional disorders and cognitive dysfunction.For such patients,the blood supply of brain tissue should be restored as soon as possible,the nerve tissue should be protected,and the degree of neural function defect should be reduced.The current treatment methods include the treatment of brain edema,neuroprotection,thrombolytic therapy,antiplatelet therapy and rehabilitation therapy.This article reviewed the new progress in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction in recent years and related literature,with a view to providing some reference for clinical ACI treatment.