应用动态变化空间扫描技术分析2018—2021年广州市肺结核空间聚集性

Application of dynamic change spatial scanning technique in analyzing the spatial aggregation of tuberculosis in Guangzhou from 2018 to 2021

目的分析2018—2021年广州市肺结核发病空间分布特征,发现肺结核聚集性的重点区域,为制定肺结核防控措施提供参考依据。方法通过《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》的子系统《结核病管理信息系统》收集2018—2021年现住址是广州市的肺结核患者信息,以区级为尺度进行动态空间扫描并绘制空间分布地图,分析肺结核发病的空间聚集性。结果2018—2021年广州市共登记肺结核34306例,年均发病率为46.46/10万,男22891例,女11415例,男女构成比是2.01∶1,25~<35岁年龄段的青壮年群体占比最高为23.06%(7910/34306),家务及待业职业占比最高为45.77%(15701/34306),本地户籍与流动人口构成比是1.03∶1。肺结核聚集性区域主要为越秀、海珠、荔湾、天河等中心城区以及白云、黄埔等近郊城区,而随着时间发展,聚集性区域向增城、从化等广州远郊区延伸。结论2018—2021年广州市肺结核发病在区级水平上呈现空间聚集性,以中心城区及近郊区为主,有向远郊区扩散趋势,应加强重点区域的监测,开展科学、客观、可行的肺结核防控措施。

Objective To analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of tuberculosis(TB)and to grasp the key areas where TB aggregation occurs in Guangzhou from 2018 to 2021,and to provide evidences for the disease prevention and control measures.Methods The information of TB patients whose current address was Guangzhou from 2018 to 2021 was collected through the Tuberculosis Management Information System,a subsystem of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Spatial scans were conducted and spatial distribution maps were drawn at the district level to analyze the spatial aggregation of TB.Results A total of 34306 cases of TB were reported in Guangzhou from 2018 to 2021.The average annual incidence was 46.46/100000.There were 22891 males and 11415 females,with a male to female ratio of 2.01:1.The highest proportion of young adults,25-<35 years old,was 23.06%(7910/34306).Among the occupations,the proportion of domestic work and non-working was the highest,at 45.77%(15701/34306).The ratio of local domicile to floating population was 1.03:1.TB aggregation areas were mainly in the central urban areas including Yuexiu,Haizhu,Liwan,and Tianhe,and the suburban areas including Baiyun and Huangpu.The aggregation areas had extended to the distant suburban areas of Guangzhou such as Zengcheng and Conghua.Conclusions TB incidence in Guangzhou displays spatial aggregation at the district level,from 2018 to 2021,and mainly in the central urban areas and suburban areas,with a tendency to spread to the distant suburban areas.Surveillance in the key areas should be strengthened,and scientific,objective,and feasible TB prevention and control measures should be carried out.