河南省土地利用结构时空偏移及生态系统服务价值时空分异特征研究

Spatialand temporal shift in land use structureand and spatio-temporal variation in ecosystem services value in Henan Province

【目的】为了分析河南省土地利用数据,对其结构时空偏移及生态系统服务价值时空分异特征进行研究,探索土地利用结构变化对其生态系统服务价值的影响,【方法】基于1990—2020年河南省土地利用/覆被变化数据,运用信息熵和偏移份额模型分析其土地利用结构时空变化及其生态系统服务价值变化。【结果】研究显示:(1)研究期内河南省整体土地利用结构信息熵、均衡度呈“缓慢下降-缓慢上升”趋势,优势度则相反,结构经历了“有序—无序—相对平稳”的演化过程。(2)研究期内建设用地、林地及水域用地为增长性结构,耕地、草地及未利用地为衰退性结构,其中建设用地补给偏移效应显著,耕地挤出偏移效应显著。各地区不同土地利用类型竞争力存在明显空间差异。(3)研究期内河南省生态系统服务价值下降了56.19亿元;土地利用结构上,生态系统服务价值以林地和水域用地为主,占总比重75.65%;单项生态系统服务价值以水文调节和气候调节为主,占总比重58%,空间分布上,生态系统服务价值整体呈“西高东低,南高北低”的分布特征。【结论】结果表明:建设用地、林地及水域用地是河南省生态系统价值变化的主要因子,前者为负相关,且生态系统服务价值增长率和土地利用增长性结构的竞争性偏移整体表现一致。

[Objective] To analyze the data of land use in Henan Province, and study the spatial-temporal shift of its structure and the spatial-temporal differentiation of ecosystem service value. [Methods]The study is conducted to investigate the effects of land use change on the ecosystem services value. The information entropy and shift share model are uesd to analyse the spatial-temporal change of land use structure and the change of ecosystem service value based on the land use/cover change data of Henan Province from 1990 to 2020. [Results] The results indicate that:(1)The process of “increase-decrease”is showed for the information entropy and equilibrium degree, while the dominance degree is showed an opposite trend, and “the order-disorder-relatively stationary” evolutionary process is showed of the whole land use structure of Henan Province during the study period.(2)Built-up land、forestland and water area belong to a structure of growth form.Cropland、grassland and unused land belong to a structure of damping form.Built-up land shows significant replenishment effect, and cropland shows a significant crowding-out effect.The spatial differences are showed in the regional shift of land use types in different regions.(3)The ecosystem service value in Henan Province dropped by 5.619 billion yuan. The ecosystem service value is maily forestland and water area in land use stucture, which accounted for 75.56% of the total.The single ecosystem service value is maily hydrological regulation and climate regulation, which accounted for 58% of the total. In terms of spatial distribution, the ecosystem service value is showed the distribution characteristics of “west high, east low and south high, north low”.The study is showed that built-up、 forestland and water area are the main factors and the former is negatively correlated. [Conclusion] The ecosystem service value growth rate and the regional shift of land use structure of growth form are showed a clear consistency overall.