食源性高F值寡肽的制备及护肝功效研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation and Hepatoprotective Effect of Food-derived High Fischer Ratio Oligopeptides

高F值寡肽广泛存在于自然界动植物中,是一种来源丰富、天然环保、无副作用的优质肽源,具有抗疲劳、抗氧化、醒酒、辅助治疗肝病及苯丙酮尿症等多种生物活性。高F值寡肽因其支链氨基酸含量较高,能够逆转肝病患者体内支链氨基酸与芳香族氨基酸比例失衡现象,在辅助治疗慢性肝病及其多种并发症方面起到了重要作用。主要对食源性高F值寡肽的蛋白原料、制备与分离纯化方法、护肝功效及相关作用机制进行了综述,重点介绍植物蛋白、动物蛋白中的水产品蛋白和乳源性蛋白几种原料蛋白,酶解法和微生物发酵法两种高F值寡肽的制备方法,膜分离法、活性炭吸附法和色谱分离法几种分离纯化方法,以及高F值寡肽的护肝功效和发挥护肝功效的三种途径,旨在为提高食源性高F值寡肽开发及其在食品医药领域中的应用提供参考。

As a high-quality peptide source with rich sources, natural environmental protection and none side effects,high Fischer ratio oligopeptides widely exist in natural animals and plants.High Fischer ratio oligopeptides have a variety of biological activities, such as anti-fatigue, anti-oxidation, sobering up,adjuvant treatment of liver disease and phenylketonuria. Because of its high content of branched chain amino acids, high Fischer ratio oligopeptides can improve the imbalance between branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids in patients with liver disease, and play an important role in the adjuvant treatment of chronic liver disease and its complications. This paper mainly reviews the raw materials, preparation, separation and purification methods, liver protection efficacy and action mechanism of food-derived high Fischer ratio oligopeptides, focusing on the introduction of several raw material proteins including plant protein, aquatic product protein and milk derived protein in animal protein, two preparation methods including enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation, several separation and purification methods including membrane separation, activated carbon adsorption and chromatographic separation, and the liver protection effect of high Fischer ratio oligopeptides and three ways to play the role of liver protection. This review is trying to provide a theoretical reference for the future development and application of food-derived high Fischer ratio oligopeptides in the field of food and medicine.