基于PMC指数模型的“粮改饲”政策量化评价

Quantitative Evaluation of the“Grain to Feed”Policy Based on the PMC Index Model

基于2015—2019年我国中央和地方层面出台的47项“粮改饲”政策,采用文本挖掘的分析方法,提取高频关键词,进而综合参照现有研究和政策特点构建“粮改饲”政策评价指标体系,构建PMC指数模型,并对随机抽取的6项样本政策进行量化评价。研究表明:各项政策的PMC指数均值为7.25,整体情况优秀,其中4项政策等级为优秀,2项为可接受;可接受的2项政策中,“山东省推进粮改饲试点促进草牧业发展实施方案”(P2)虽然在政策领域、政策工具、政策受众、政策评价和政策作用等方面低于均值,但其发布时间早于全国性指导文件,在一定程度上起到了参考作用,“广西壮族自治区农业农村厅关于下达2019年粮改饲工作任务的通知”(P6)的政策内容较为单一,是得分低于其他政策的主要原因;现有政策的共性问题在于时效均为短期和临时,中长期时效的政策则为空白,这在某种程度上制约了“粮改饲”及相关产业功能的发挥。最后,针对各项政策的共性与个性问题,提出了优化建议。

Based on the 47“grain-to-feed”policies issued by the central and local governments in the country from 2015 to 2019.The text mining analysis methods have been used to extract high-frequency keywords,and then the“grain reform”policy evaluation index system with reference to existing research and policy characteristics was comprehensively constructed.A PMC index model was also built,and the randomly extracted 6 sample policy policies were quantified.The results showed that the average PMC index of each policy was 7.25,and 4 policies were rated as excellent and 2 were acceptable,suggesting that the overall situation was excellent.Among the two acceptable policies,although P2 was lower than the average in terms of policy areas,policy tools,policy audiences,policy evaluations and policy effects,it still served as a reference to a certain extent because it was released earlier than the national guidance documents.The policy content of P6 was relatively simple,leading to its score was lower than other policies.The common problem of the existing policies was that the time limit was short-term and temporary,and the policy of medium and long-term time limit was blank,which restricted the function of"grain to feed"and related industries to some extent.Finally,in view of the common and individual problems of various policies,optimization suggestions were also put forward.