认知-行为应激管理对妊娠糖尿病孕妇心理情绪和血糖控制的影响

Effects of cognitive-behavioral stress management on psychological emotion and blood glucose control in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨认知-行为应激管理对妊娠糖尿病孕妇心理情绪和血糖控制的影响。方法选取丽水市中心医院2020年1月至2022年1月收治的60例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组30例,均接受胰岛素降糖治疗。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上加用认知-行为应激管理,比较护理前后两组孕妇的心理状态评分[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、糖尿病专科知识及自我管理评分、血糖指标[FPG、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPBG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)]。结果护理前,两组孕妇心理状态评分、糖尿病专科知识及自我管理评分、血糖指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。护理后,观察组心理状态评分、血糖指标均显著下降,并显著低于对照组,糖尿病专科知识及自我管理评分均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论认知-行为应激管理可有效改善妊娠期糖尿病孕妇心理情绪状态,缓解焦虑抑郁情绪,并改善血糖控制效果。

Objective To investigate the effects of cognitive-behavioral stress management on psychological emotion and blood glucose control in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 60 patients with GDM admitted to Lishui Municipal Central Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were enrolled in this study.The subjects were divided into a control group and a study group by the random number table method,with 30 cases in each group,all patients received insulin hypoglycemic treatment.The control group received routine nursing,and the study group received cognitive-behavioral stress management on the basis of routine nursing.Psychological status scores including self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS),diabetes knowledge and self-management score;blood glucose monitoring indicators including FPG,2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C)were compared before and after intervention between the two groups.Results Before intervention,there were no significant differences in psychological state scores,diabetes knowledge and self-management scores,and blood monitoring indicators between the two groups(all P>0.05).After intervention,psychological status scores and blood monitoring indicators in the study group decreased and were significantly lower than those in the control group,while diabetes knowledge and selfmanagement scores in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Cognitive-behavioral stress management can effectively improve the psychological and emotional state,relieve anxiety and depression and improve blood glucose control of patients with GDM.