成都春熙坊清代古典家具装饰与文化探析

Analysis on the Decorative and Cultural Characteristics of Classical Furniture of the Qing Dynasty in Chengdu Chunxifang

目的对成都春熙坊内部的清代古典家具装饰特征与文化特征进行深入研究。方法通过实地考察成都锦江总府路春熙坊内部空间的座榻、椅柜、卧床、洗脸架、木雕佛像屏风等40余件清代遗存的古典家具,基于设计学的角度,深入分析封建贵族阶级在古典家具色彩、造型、材料等方面所呈现出的与众不同的装饰特征,并结合清代满族的历史知识分析古典贵族家具所蕴含的文化内涵,提出成都地区清代古典家具的传承途径。结论根据春熙坊座榻、椅柜、卧床、洗脸架、木雕佛像屏风等贵族古典家具展现的装饰色彩、装饰造型与装饰材料等特征,反映出在大一统背景下,贵族阶级为了巩固朝政,以满族为主导逐渐将自身的萨满文化与儒家文化、佛教文化融为一体,最终让清代家具装饰与文化焕发出更加耀眼的光芒。因此,如果要使清代古典家具传承下去,需要通过仿制传承、创新传承及教育传承等三种途径,这对于传承成都地区的物质文化遗产,实现当代经济、艺术与文化价值具有重要的理论与实践意义。

The work aims to make an in-depth study on the decorative and cultural characteristics of classical furniture of the late Qing Dynasty in Chengdu Chunxifang.Based on the investigation of over forty pieces of classical furniture left in the Qing Dynasty,such as couch,chair cabinet,bed,washstand and wood carved Buddha screen in Chunxifang located on Zongfu Road,Jinjiang District,Chengdu,the distinctive decorative characteristics of the feudal aristocratic class in the color,modeling and materials of classical furniture were analyzed deeply from the perspective of design and the cultural connotation of classical aristocratic furniture was explored combined with the historical knowledge of the Man nationality in the Qing Dynasty to put forward the inheritance ways for the classical furniture of the Qing Dynasty in Chengdu.Ac-cording to the characteristics of decorative colors,shapes and materials of aristocratic classical furniture such as couch,chair cabinet,bed,washstand,wood carved Buddha screen in Chunxifang,it is reflected that under the background of great unification in the Qing Dynasty,the aristocratic class gradually integrates its Shaman culture with Confucian culture and Buddhist culture under the leadership of Man nationality in order to consolidate the government,and finally makes the furniture decoration and culture of the Qing Dynasty glow with more dazzling light.Therefore,in order to inherit the classical furniture of the Qing Dynasty,it is necessary to put forward three ways of imitative inheritance,innovative in-heritance and educational inheritance,which has important theoretical and practical guiding significance for inheriting the tangible cultural heritage of Chengdu and realizing the contemporary economic,artistic and cultural values.