实习英语教师课堂话语对学生知识建构的示范作用

Classroom Discourse Modelling of English Student-Teachers on Students’Knowledge Construction

社会文化理论观点认为,外语教师作为学生学习过程中的重要“中介者”,其课堂话语也对学生二语学习起着中介功能。该研究对江西省某高校6名英语专业大四学生开展案例研究。运用内容分析法,从实习教师话语的英语知识直接示范和为学生创设学习机遇两方面,对实习英语教师课堂话语行使中介功能,帮助学生构建英语知识的成功模式进行提炼。研究发现:(1)参与该研究的合作者课堂话语正确示范频数和覆盖率优于瑕疵表征,可以认为其具备较好的示范性;(2)实习英语教师课堂话语对学生二语知识建构的中介作用可通过独立或配合使用“直接给出示例”“训练学生语音意识策略”“类似概念提问”“变换目标示例”“语法概念解释”“逐级提示”等多种示范方式实现。该研究还为实习英语教师教学能力发展提出了建议。

According to sociocultural theories,teachers is an important role of“mediator”in students’learning process,and their classroom discourse also plays a role of mediation in students’second-language learning.This case study is conducted to explore the 6 senior college students majored in English in Jiangxi province.Adopting content analysis approach,it extracted the successful patterns of modelling English knowledge and creating learn⁃ing opportunities for students,from the participants’classroom discourse realizing the mediation.It reports that:(1)The frequency and coverage of participants’accurate modelling indicators outweighs the problematic ones in their classroom discourse,revealing a satisfactory quality of modelling.(2)Mediation of participants’classroom discourse in students’second-language learning is realized through a sole or combination pattern of“directly giv⁃ing models”,“training students’linguistic awareness strategies”,“asking similar-concept questions”,“alternat⁃ing sample models”,“explaining grammatical concepts”,and“giving gradual prompts”.Additionally,this study offers suggestions to the development of student-teachers’English teaching competence.