漂浮式垂直轴风机水池试验模型设计

Model Design of Floating Vertical Axis Wind Turbine for Tests in Wave Basin

为开展漂浮式垂直轴风机水池缩尺模型试验,以自主设计的5MW漂浮式垂直轴风机为原型,在满足几何相似、质量相似和傅汝德相似的基础上,设计并制作了一套缩尺比为1∶50的浮式垂直轴风机缩尺试验模型,包括叶片、横撑、塔架、风机驱动装置等。模型叶片设计基于风机气动性能相似,以考虑不同雷诺数条件下原始翼型的气动性能差异;风机驱动装置固定在塔底并与平台上部相连,能驱动风机转子以目标转速平稳运行。此外,该试验模型搭载了六分力传感器、光纤光栅传感器等测量设备,并通过引入滑环装置,解决了传感器线缆在旋转时与底部固定结构的运动干扰问题,实现了旋转模型塔底及叶片、横撑上的载荷测量,可为漂浮式垂直轴风机缩尺模型试验的开展提供参考。

In order to carry out the scaled model test of the floating vertical axis wind turbines(VAWTs) in wave basins, this paper presents design of a scaled model of VAWT with a ratio of 1∶50 based on the self-designed 5 MW floating VAWT. This scaled model, including blades, struts, tower, driving device, etc. is designed on the basis of geometric similarity, mass similarity and Froude similarity. Model-scaled blades are redesigned based on the similarity of the aerodynamic performance of the turbine to take into account the difference in the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil under different Reynolds number conditions. The turbine driving device is fixed at the bottom of the tower and connected with the upper part of the platform, which can drive the rotor to run smoothly at the target speed. The scaled model is equipped with a six-component force sensor, fiber grating sensor, and other measurement equipment. By introducing a slip ring device, the problem of motion interference between the sensor cable and the fixed structure at the bottom during turbine rotation is solved. The model developed can realize the strain measurement on rotating blades and struts and provide an important reference for the development of the scaled model test of the floating VAWT.