高压氚气泄漏事故模拟与应急通风优化方法

Simulation of a high-pressure tritium leakage accident and optimization method of emergency ventilation

为解决高压贮氚容器氚泄漏事故应急除氚处置问题,本文依据流体动力学理论,采用了Fluent软件开展基于AN-EOS的氚泄漏事故数值模拟,给出了最佳应急通风位置和最少通风时间。结果表明:高压氚泄漏行为主要集中在初期的2 s内,应急通风可起到较好的除氚效果,长方体空间的最佳通风位置为侧壁双进双出,通风速率每提高1倍,除氚效率呈数量级提升,8 m/s通风速率下空间内氚气浓度降低至本底水平所需的最少时间为430 s。本文模型和方法可为真实场景高压氚泄漏事故应急处置提供给技术支持,对核安全管理与核事故应急处置具有重要理论意义和现实价值。

To solve the emergency disposal problem of tritium leakage accident in a high-pressure tritium storage container,based on the theory of fluid dynamics,we use the Fluent software to perform numerical simulations of a tritium leakage accident based on AN-EOS,deriving the best emergency ventilation position and minimum ventilation time.The results show that the high-pressure tritium leakage behavior is mainly concentrated in the initial 2 s,and emergency ventilation can play a good role in tritium removal.The best ventilation scheme of the cuboid space is double inlets and double outlets on the side wall.The efficiency of tritium removal increased by orders of magnitude with the increase of the ventilation rate,and the minimum time required for the tritium concentration to decrease to the background level in the space is 430 s at a ventilation rate of 8 m/s.The model and method in this paper can provide technical support for the emergency treatment of high-pressure tritium leakage accidents in real scenes and has important theoretical significance and practical value for nuclear safety management and emergency response to nuclear accidents.