信控交叉口电动汽车驾驶行为特征分析

An Analysis of Driving Behavior Characteristics of Electric Vehicles at Signal-controlled Intersections

为探究电动汽车在城市交通环境下的驾驶行为特征,本研究选取信号控制交叉口作为城市交通系统典型场景,通过自然驾驶实验分析电动汽车在信控交叉口的驾驶行为特征,并与传统燃油车进行对比分析。实验提取了电动汽车在信控交叉口的有效加减速片段,其中减速片段96个、加速片段78个,使用纵向加速度的累积频率、概率分布、特征值等指标对电动汽车在信控交叉口的加减速行为进行统计分析,通过线性回归对电动汽车在信控交叉口的速度与距停止线距离、速度与加速度之间的关联性进行分析。结果表明:与现有关于燃油车在信控交叉口的研究相比,电动汽车驾驶人在加速过程中易选择更大的加速度,其平均加速度第85%分位值为1.38 m/s^(2),燃油车该值为1 m/s^(2);第85%分位左右平均加速度累积频率曲线的斜率产生突变,而平均减速度、峰值加速度、峰值减速度的累积频率曲线斜率突变点均为第90%分位附近,三者第90%分位值分别为1.32,4.52,2.60 m/s^(2),电动汽车驾驶人在信控交叉口减速、加速的实时速度与距停止线距离呈正相关,相关系数R2分别为0.679和0.683。对信号控制交叉口的电动汽车驾驶人驾驶行为分析仿真,可为电动汽车混行交通安全管理法及道路设计规范的制定提供借鉴。

This study is intended to explore the driving behavior characteristics of electric vehicles in urban traffic environment.As a typical scene of urban traffic system,signal-controlled intersections are selected to analyzes the driving behavior characteristics of electric vehicles through natural driving experiment.And compares the driving behavior characteristics with traditional fuel vehicles.In this experiment,96 deceleration segments and 78 acceleration segments of electric vehicles at signalized intersections are extracted.The cumulative frequency,probability distribution and eigenvalue of longitudinal acceleration are used to analyze the acceleration and deceleration behavior of electric vehicles at signalized intersections.Linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between the speed of electric vehicles at signalized intersections and the distance from the stop line,speed,and acceleration.The results show that compared with the existing research on fuel vehicles at signalized intersections,electric vehicle drivers are more likely to choose higher acceleration.Its 85%quantile value of average acceleration is 1.38 m/s^(2)and the value of fuel vehicles is 1 m/s^(2).For the behaviors of electric vehicle drivers at signalized intersections the slope of the cumulative frequency curve of the average acceleration around the 85 th percentile has a sudden change.As for the slope of the cumulative frequency curve of the average deceleration,peak acceleration,and peak deceleration a sudden change occurred near the 90th percentile.The 90th percentile values of them are 1.324.52,and 2.60 m/s^(2),respectively.Besides,there is a positive correlation between the real-time speed of deceleration and acceleration with distance from the stop line,and the value of R~2are 0.679 and 0.683,respectively.