镇麦品种相关品质性状基因的分子标记检测分析

Analysis of molecular markers detection for genes related to quality traits in Zhenmai wheat cultivars

为了阐明镇麦品种相关品质基因分布特点,以11份镇麦品种为试验材料,分别利用单粒谷物特性测定系统测定籽粒硬度指数,采用分子标记和琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离技术检测籽粒硬度基因、高/低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS、LMW-GS)、Wx基因以及面粉色泽相关基因等分布特点,并结合十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)技术明确镇麦材料的HMW-GS类型。结果表明,硬度指数大于60的镇麦品种有9份,均可检测到硬度基因突变。HMW-GS分布特点为:镇麦168等8份材料的组合均为1/7+9/5+10,镇麦11号为1/7+8/2+12,镇麦17和镇麦19为Null/7+8/2+12。LMW-GS有Glu-A3c、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3b、Glu-B3f和Glu-B3g 5种基因型,其中镇麦168、镇麦13和镇麦17为Glu-A3c/Glu-B3g,镇麦11号为Glu-A3d/Glu-B3g,镇麦19为Glu-A3c/Glu-B3b,其余6份镇麦品种均为Glu-A3c/Glu-B3f。Wx基因的检测结果表明,镇麦品种中未检测到Wx基因突变,均为野生型。面粉色泽及相关基因检测结果为:镇麦材料的面粉白度为74.47~78.70,其中镇麦168的白度最小;镇麦168等8份材料的基因型为Ppo-A1b/Ppo-B1a/Ppo-D1b/TaLox-B1b,镇麦11号和镇麦19为Ppo-A1a/Ppo-B1a/Ppo-D1a/TaLox-B1b,镇麦17为Ppo-A1a/Ppo-B1a/Ppo-D1a/b/TaLox-B1b;镇麦168、镇麦12号和镇麦16为Psy-A1b/Psy-B1d/Psy-D1a,镇麦11号和镇麦13为Psy-A1b/Psy-B1b/Psy-D1a,其余6份镇麦品种为Psy-A1b/Psy-B1a/Psy-D1a。

This study was designed to elucidate the distribution characteristics of quality-related genes in Zhenmai wheat varieties.Eleven wheat varieties of Zhenmai were used as the tested materials.Grain hardness was measured by single kernel characterization system.The distribution characteristics of hardness gene,high molecular weight glutenin subunit(HMW-GS)gene,low molecular weight glutenin subunit(LMW-GS)gene,Wx gene,and flour color related genes in Zhenmai varieties were detected by molecular markers and agarose gel electrophoresis technology,and HMW-GS was determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).The results showed that nine Zhenmai wheat varieties were hard wheats,and the hardness gene mutation could be detected.Distribution characteristics of HMW-GS were analyzed,and it was found that the subunit combinations of eight wheat varieties including Zhenmai 168 were 1/7+9/5+10,the subunit combination of Zhenmai 11 was 1/7+8/2+12,the subunit combinations of Zhenmai 17 and Zhenmai 19 were Null/7+8/2+12.For LMW-GS compositions,there were five genotypes,Glu-A3c,Glu-A3d,Glu-B3b,Glu-B3f and Glu-B3g.LMW-GS compositions of Zhenmai 168,Zhenmai 13 and Zhenmai 17 were Glu-A3c/Glu-B3g,Zhenmai 11 and Zhenmai 19 were Glu-A3d/Glu-B3g and Glu-A3c/Glu-B3b,respectively,other six wheat varieties were Glu-A3c/Glu-B3f.The detecting results of Wx gene indicated that there was no Wx gene mutation in Zhenmai varieties.The flour whiteness of Zhenmai wheat varieties was 74.47-78.70,and the whiteness of Zhenmai 168 was the lowest.Genotypes of eight Zhenmai wheat varieties including Zhenmai 168 were Ppo-A1b/Ppo-B1a/Ppo-D1b/TaLox-B1b,Zhenmai 11 and Zhenmai 19 were Ppo-A1a/Ppo-B1a/Ppo-D1a/TaLox-B1b,Zhenmai 17 was Ppo-A1a/Ppo-B1a/Ppo-D1a/b/TaLox-B1b.Psy gene compositions of Zhenmai 168,Zhenmai 12 and Zhenmai 16 were Psy-A1b/Psy-B1d/Psy-D1a,Zhenmai 11 and Zhenmai 13 were Psy-A1b/Psy-B1b/Psy-D1a,other six Zhenmai wheat varieties were Psy-A1b/Psy-B1a/Psy-D1a.