秋水仙碱提取分离研究进展

Advances in extraction and separation of colchicine

秋水仙碱是一种功能较多的植物源生物碱,在医药行业发挥着重要作用。系统地了解秋水仙碱提取、分离的技术类型有助于推动高纯度秋水仙碱的生产。本文介绍了秋水仙碱不同提取技术的特点、原理和应用效果,阐述了秋水仙碱在不同种类植物、植物不同部位中的含量以及影响含量的因素,总结了传统的浸提法、回流法与超声波提取、超临界CO_(2)提取、微波提取、酶促提取等新提取方法,以及膜分离法、色谱分离法等秋水仙碱分离纯化方法的研究进展,分析了不同提取分离技术的效果和影响因素,探讨了秋水仙碱提取技术的发展方向,以期为秋水仙碱的提取分离技术的研究和应用提供参考。

Colchicine is a plant-derived alkaloid with many functions,which plays an important role in the pharmaceutical industries.Systematic understanding of the technology types for extraction and separation of colchicine is helpful for promoting the production of high-purity colchicine.In this article,the characteristics,principles and application effects of different extraction techniques of colchicine were introduced,and the research progresses on colchicine content in different plants and different parts of plants as well as the affecting factors were described.Traditional extraction methods such as maceration extraction and reflux extraction were summarized.New extraction methods such as ultrasonic extraction,supercritical CO_(2)extraction,microwave extraction and enzymatic extraction were also summarized.Besides,research progress on separation and purification methods of colchicine such as membrane seperation and chromatographic separation were generalized.The effects and influencing factors of different extraction and separation technologies were analyzed,and the development direction of colchicine extraction technology was discussed to provide reference for the research and application of colchicine extraction and separation technology.