服务乡村振兴的县域基础医疗设施可达性分析关键技术研究

Research on Key Technologies and Accessibility Analysis of County-level Basic Medical Facilities Serving Rural Revitalization

为实现GIS技术有效服务县域范围医疗设施资源分配与可达性分析,准确对接乡村振兴中医疗领域的实际需求,给出一种快速程序化分析技术;该文研究在分析县域医疗资源空间特点基础上,通过类型、位置、等级和上级可达性等信息空间化表达乡村医疗设施;继而基于道路构建网络分析数据集,针对县域道路等级低的特点提出道路弯曲度调整道路网络速度的方法;最后通过C#+OLEDB数据库+ArcEngine的二次开发方式调用可达性分析函数,实现数据输入与可达性分析参数的动态调整,达到快速处理,自动计算,可视输出的程序化分析效果;研究结果表明,县域医疗资源相对薄弱,而且具有纵向行政管理与行政空间分布特征,道路网络等级低,道路形态影响速度,网络节点多,行政中心、医疗中心与大城市的连接度具有重要作用;乡村道路网络与行政中心的上级可达性对县域医疗资源空间分析有重要影响。因此在构建道路网络数据集时,除考虑道路级别、连通性外,还要考虑实际道路形态对运行速度的重大影响,可通过该文提出的道路弯曲度系数及其速度对应关系加以调整;采用C#+ArcEngine模式调用相关函数,可以实现快速、可视和程序化的医疗资源分配与可达性分析,结合数据库技术还可实现分析数据、分析参数的实时调整,满足不同县域个性化需求。

In order to realize the GIS technology to effectively serve the resource allocation and accessibility analysis of medical facilities at the county level, and to accurately connect the actual needs of the medical field in "rural revitalization", this paper presents a rapid procedural analysis technology, based on the analysis of the spatial characteristics of county medical resources, this paper studies the spatial expression of rural medical facilities through information such as type, location, grade and superior accessibility. Then the network analysis data set is constructed based on the road, and the method of adjusting the road network speed by road curvature is put forward according to the characteristics of low road grade in the county. Finally, through the secondary development mode of C#+OLEDB database + ArcEngine, the reach ability analysis function is called, which realizes the dynamic adjustment of data input and accessibility analysis parameters, and achieves the programmed analysis effect of fast processing, automatic calculation and visual output.The results show that the medical resources in the county are relatively weak, and they have the characteristics of vertical administration and administrative spatial distribution, the grade of road network is low, the speed of road shape influence, and there are many network nodes. The connectivity between administrative centers, medical centers and big cities plays an important role. The superior accessibility of the rural road network and administrative center has an important influence on the spatial analysis of county medical resources. So when constructing the road network data set, in addition to the road grade and connectivity, the significant influence of the actual road shape on the running speed should also be considered, which can be adjusted by the road curvature coefficient and its speed corresponding relationship proposed in this paper. Using C#+ArcEngine mode to call related functions, we can achieve fast, visual and procedural medical resource allocation and accessibility analysis. By adopting database technology, we can also achieve real-time adjustment of analysis data and analysis parameter data to meet the personalized needs of different counties.