基于HS-SPME-GC/MS和化学计量学的不同产地茶油香气成分的分析

Analysis of aroma components of camellia oil from different origins based on HS-SPME-GC/MS and chemometrics

为了比较不同产地茶油香气成分的差异,本研究采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)对不同产地茶油的香气成分进行分析,利用美国国家标准与技术研究院(NIST)质谱库检索结合保留指数法对茶油香气化合物进行定性分析,运用峰面积归一化法计算各香气成分的相对含量。结果表明:所有茶油样品共鉴定出47种香气成分,其中醛类16种、酮类4种、杂环类6种、醇类2种、酸类5种、烃类8种、酯类2种以及其他类4种。峡江香气成分以己酸、壬醛为主,进贤主要是壬醛、2-壬酮及庚烷,丰城香气成分主要含有2,4-癸二烯醛和2-十一烯醛,宜春也是以壬醛、辛醛、(E)-2-癸烯醛等醛类为主,岳洲的香气成分主要是2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2,5-环己二烯-1,4-二酮。通过主成分分析(PCA)发现宜春和峡江这2个产地通过香气组成相互难以区分,其他3个产地区别明显。

To compare the difference between aroma components of camellia oil from different producing origins, the method of headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used in this paper to analyze the aroma components of camellia oil from different origins.Qualitative analysis of aroma compounds was carried out by utilizing National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)mass spectrometry search as well as the retention index(RI) method.The relative content of each aroma component was calculated by peak area.The results showed that 47 aroma components were identified in all camellia oil, including 16 aldehydes, 4 ketones, 6 heterocyclic compounds, 2 alcohols, 5 acids, 8 hydrocarbons, 2 esters and 4 others.The aroma components of Xiajiang were mainly composed of hexanoic acid and nonanal, while Jinxian were nonanal, 2-nonyl ketone and heptane.Fengcheng mainly contained 2,4-decatienal and 2-undecenal and Yichun were nonanal, octanal and 2-decenal.Yuezhou aroma components were mainly 2-(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione.The principal component analysis(PCA) found that Yichun and Xiajiang were difficult to distinguish from each other through the aroma composition, while the other three regions were obvious.