四溴双酚A/S及其8种衍生物在清远土壤样品中的污染特征及生态风险评估

Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of tetrabromobisphenol A/S and their eight derivatives in soil samples from Qingyuan

四溴双酚A(tetrabromobisphenol-A, TBBPA)、四溴双酚S(tetrabromobisphenol-S, TBBPS)和它们的衍生物作为阻燃剂被广泛应用于日常用品,以致在多种环境介质中都能检测出它们的存在。本研究分析了清远市龙塘镇的44个土壤样品中的TBBPA、TBBPS及其8种衍生物的含量,并评估了这10种目标物的环境风险。在所有检测的目标化合物中, TBBPA、四溴双酚A双缩水甘油醚(TBBPA-BGE)和四溴双酚A双(2,3-二溴丙基醚)(TBBPA-BDBPE)是样品中的主要污染物,对目标物总浓度的贡献率分别为30%、26%和40%。TBBPA、TBBPA-BGE和TBBPA-BDBPE的浓度平均值分别为1114、1890和853ng/g(干重),浓度范围分别为ND~13098、ND~15980和ND~6088 ng/g。TBBPA、TBBPA-BGE和TBBPA-BDBPE的风险商值大于1,表明这3类化合物对清远土壤存在一定生态环境风险,应当引起重视。本研究为进一步了解常用溴系阻燃剂TBBPA、TBBPS及其衍生物的环境归趋和风险暴露提供了数据支撑。

Tetrabromobisphenol-A(TBBPA), tetrabromobisphenol-S(TBBPS), and their derivatives are widely used as flame retardants for daily necessities;therefore, their presence in various environmental media has been tested. In this study, the contents of TBBPA, TBBPS, and their eight derivatives in 44 soil samples from Longtang Town, Qingyuan City were analyzed, and the environmental risks caused by the ten target compounds were evaluated. Among all the target compounds detected, TBBPA, TBBPA-BGE, and TBBPA-BDBPE were the main contaminants in the samples, contributing to 30%, 26%, and 40% of the total concentration of the target compounds, respectively. The concentrations of TBBPA, TBBPA-BGE, and TBBPA-BDBPE were in the range of not detected(ND) to 13,098, ND to 15,980, and ND to 6088 ng/g(dry weight), respectively, with mean concentrations of 1114, 1890, and 853 ng/g, respectively. The risk coefficient(I) values for TBBPA, TBBPA-BGE,and TBBPA-BDBPE were >1, indicating a potential risk to the environment in the study area. This study provides a basis for further understanding the environmental trends and exposure risk of the commonly used brominated flame retardants TBBPA, TBBPS, and their derivatives.