元代地方官廨的营修活动探析

On the Construction of the Local Office-room Buildings in the Yuan Dynasty

元代路、府、州、县官廨是地方官办公和生活的重要场所。元廷要求地方尽量沿用前代之制,只在必要时才可修建官廨。对于必须修建的官廨,元廷规定地方官要按照申报-核准的程序支遣官钱,即使不动用官钱也需要走申报程序。官廨修建时,除了支遣部分赋税留成(官钱)外,地方官往往还要带领下属捐献俸金,发动地方精英与民众筹集经费,偶尔社会宗教人士与当地驻军也会提供帮助。元代地方官对修建官廨的态度并不积极,不过元代地方行政建制的变动一定程度上促进了官廨的重修和规模的扩大;另外,地方官廨修建时,常只修建公署的主体部分。

In the Yuan dynasty,the local office-room buildings of diflerent levels of governments were the important places for the local officials to work and live in.The central government of the Yuan dy­nasty asked the local governments to take advantage of the previous ones as far as possible,and only when necessary,could they build their own ones.For those to be built,the central government of the Yuan dynasty required local officials to follow the application-approval procedure for disbursement of official money,and the application process could never be omitted even without the use of official money・When the buildings were under construction,only part of the local taxation could be used,so the local officials should donate some of their pay and raise funds from local elites and the public,and occasionally even religious figures and local troops also helped with it.In the Yuan dynasty,the local officials did not take an active attitude towards it,but the change of the local administrative system then contributed to the restoration and expansion of local office-room buildings to some extent.Be­sides,usually only the main body of buildings were constructed.