4~6岁幼儿分享行为与情绪状态的关系

Relationsliip between sharing behavior and emotional state in 4-6-year-old children

目的:探讨4~6岁幼儿分享行为与情绪状态的关系。方法:选取120名4~6岁幼儿,随机等分为中性情绪启动组(n=60)和快乐情绪启动组(n=60),采用情绪启动视频来启动被试的中性情绪和快乐情绪,使用独裁者游戏(DG)比较两组被试在分享物品数量上的差异,使用面部情感量表(FAS)比较两组被试分享前后的情绪变化差异。结果:幼儿在中性和快乐情绪启动条件下平均分享物品数量的差异无统计学意义[(2.45±0.85)vs.(2.68±0.89),P>0.05];在中性情绪启动条件下,幼儿分享后测情绪得分高于分享前测情绪得分(P<0.001);在快乐情绪启动条件下,幼儿分享后测情绪得分与分享前测情绪得分的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:相较于中性情绪,快乐情绪并未提高4~6岁幼儿分享物品的数量;在中性情绪条件下,幼儿分享后比分享前更加快乐;在快乐情绪条件下,幼儿分享前后都快乐。

Objective:To explore the relationship between sharing behavior and emotional state in 4-6-year-old childree.Methods:Totally 120 4-to 6-yearold children were selected and randomly divided into neutral emotion initiation group(n=60)and happy emotion initiation group(n=60).Emotion initiation video was used to initiate the subjects'neutral and happy emotion,dictator game(DG)was used to ccmpare the differences in the number of items shared between two groups,and facial emotion scale(FAS)was used to compare the differences in mood change between the two groups before and after sharing.Results:The difference in the mean number of items shared children in the neutral and happy emotion initiation condition groupwas not statistically significant[(2.45±0.85)vs.(2.68±0.89),P>0.05].In the neutral emotion initiation condition,the children's sharing post-test emotion scores were higher than the emotion scores in sharing pretest(P<0.001).In happy emotion initiation condition,children's sharing difference between the post-test emotion score and emotion score before sharing was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:In happy emotion condition,the number of items shared in 4-6-yea-old children is not increased compared to that in the neutral emotion condition.Children are happier after sharing than before sharing in the neutral emotion condition,and are equally happy after sharing as before sharing in the happy emotion condition.