坯材压缩比对钢轨低倍及性能的影响

Effects of Compression Ratio of Billet on Macrostructure and Performance of Rail

文章介绍了在生产钢轨时使用断面为320 mm×415 mm铸坯代替280 mm×380 mm断面铸坯轧制60 kg/m钢轨时由于坯料断面尺寸增加,使钢轨在轧制过程中变形剧烈,内部的致密度发生很大变化,在轧制过程中为保证产品质量,对各轧机的轧辊进行调整,以保证稳定的轧制状态。轧制出成品后通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、冲击测试仪器等设备对钢轨低倍、组织、晶粒度以及冲击性能进行检验分析,结果表明采用大规格尺寸的铸坯轧制钢轨,提高坯材的压缩比后可以改善钢轨晶粒度及冲击等力学性能。

In the article, it is introduced the rail is deformed violently in rolling process and internal compactness is changed greatly due to the cross section size of ingot blank increases when rolling 60 kg/m rail using ingot blank with the cross section of 320 mm×415 mm instead of that with the cross section of 280 mm×380 mm in the production of rail. In order to ensure the product quality in rolling process, the roller of each rolling mill is adjusted to ensure stable as rolled state. After rolling the finished products, the macrostructure, microstructure, grain size and impact performance of rail are tested and analyzed with such equipment as the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and impact testing apparatus. The results showed that the compression ratio of ingot blank was increased by rolling rail with large size ingot blank so that such mechanical properties as grain size and impact of rail could be improved.