苗语蒙撒话的状词

Ideophone of Mengsa Dialect of Miao Language

状词是苗语词类中的一个独立词类,通过附加在动词和形容词之后来更加生动地、形象地表示动作行为或性质状态的情貌、速度和声音等情状。本文以关岭苗语蒙撒话的状词为研究对象,对其进行分析,将其分动词类状词和形容词类状词,其中动词类状词又分情貌状词、速度状词和声音状词,形容词类状词又分性状状词、颜色状词、气味状词和感觉状词。状词在语音上具有随声,随韵,随调的音节特征,在句法上不能单独使用,与动词和形容词组合后也不再受副词的修饰,一般在句子中充当动词或形容词的补语。

Ideophone is an independent part of speech in the Miao language,which can more vividly express the situation,speed and sound of action behavior or property state by attaching it to the later part of verbs and adjectives.This paper takes ideophone in Mengsa dialect of Miao language in Guanling as the research object,analyzes and divides them into verb ideophone and adjective ideophone,among which verb ideophone are divided into situation ideophone,speed ideophone and sound ideophone,and adjective ideophone are divided into character ideophone,color ideophone,atmosphere ideophone and feeling ideophone.Ideophone also has the syllable characteristics of following sound,rhyme and tone in pronunciation.It cannot be used alone in syntax.It is no longer modified by adverbs after being combined with verbs and adjectives,and generally acts as the complement of verbs or adjectives in sentences.