革胡子鲶鱼皮营养成分和挥发性物质分析

Analysis of Volatile Compounds and Nutrients of Clarias fuscus Skin

为了开发利用革胡子鲶鱼皮,采用常规营养成分分析方法和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)、气相色谱-离子迁移谱(GC-IMS)技术,测定鱼皮营养成分和挥发性物质。结果表明:鱼皮中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、总糖含量分别为62.85%,27.50%,5.28%,0.15%,3.84%;鱼皮中必需氨基酸含量为16.60 g/100 g,鲜味氨基酸含量为45.72 g/100 g;必须游离氨基酸和鲜味游离氨基酸含量较多,分别为52.6 mg/100 g,30.54 mg/100 g,游离氨基酸含量最高的为牛磺酸28.34 mg/100 g;鱼皮中不饱和脂肪酸含量较为丰富,脂肪酸含量最高的为顺油酸(1.18 mg/mL),且富含多种矿物质元素。GC-MS和GC-IMS两种分析方法共同得到的挥发性物质仅反-2-辛烯醛、苯甲醛、正己醛和正己醇。这两种分析方法相结合,可以更好地研究革胡子鲶鱼皮的风味物质。

In order to develop and utilize Clarias fuscus skin,conventional nutrient analysis methods,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy(GC-IMS)technology were used to analyze the nutrients and volatile substances in fish skin.The results showed that the water content,crude protein,crude fat,crude ash and total sugar content in fish skin were 62.85%,27.50%,5.28%,0.15%,3.84%,respectively.The essential amino acid content in fish skin was 16.60 g/100 g,the umami amino acid content was 45.72 g/100 g.The content of essential free amino acid and fresh free amino acid were 52.6 mg/100 g and 30.54 mg/100 g,respectively.Taurine had the highest free amino acid content,which was 28.34 mg/100 g.The content of unsaturated fatty acids in the skin was relatively rich and the oleic acid was the highest fatty acid content that was 1.18 mg/mL.Many mineral elements were contained in fish skin.Trans-2-octenal,benzaldehyde,n-hexanal and n-hexanol could be obtained by GC-MS and GC-IMS analysis methods.Therefore,the combination of GC-MS and GC-IMS analysis methods could better study the flavor substances of catfish skin.