乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性现状及影响因素分析

Study on present situation and influencing factors of resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in community in Urumqi

目的了解乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性现状及影响因素,为改善该人群心理弹性水平以及采取有效的干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用滚雪球抽样法,于2021年12月—2022年2月抽取乌鲁木齐市7个社区的71例精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者为调查对象,采用一般资料问卷和康纳-戴维森韧性量表(Connor Davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC)进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性总分为(58.24±14.89)分,其中坚韧性维度得分为(30.03±8.04)分,力量性维度得分为(18.90±5.45)分,乐观性维度得分为(9.31±2.10)分。文化程度、家庭人均月收入和疾病知识的了解程度均是社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性的影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释总变异的41.3%。结论乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性处于中等水平,家庭照顾者的文化程度、家庭人均月收入和疾病知识的了解程度是其影响因素,应在社区管理中重视该群体的身心健康,建议加强社区健康教育和采取有效的干预措施来改善该群体心理弹性水平。

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in community in Urumqi,provide reference for improving the resilience level of this group and taking effective intervention measures.Methods Using snowball sampling method,the family caregivers of 71 schizophrenia patients from seven communities in Urumqi were selected as the research object from December 2021 to February 2022,and the general information questionnaire and Connor Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)were used for investigation,and the data were analyzed.Results The total score of mental resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in community was(58.24±14.89)points,among which the scores of tenacity,strength and optimism were(30.03±8.04),(18.90±5.45)and(9.31±2.10)points,respectively.The education level,per capita monthly income of family and knowledge of diseases were all factors influencing the resilience of family caregivers of community schizophrenia patients(all P<0.05),which could explain 41.3%of the total variation.Conclusion The mental resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenic patients in community in Urumqi is at a medium level,and the educational level,family per capita monthly income and knowledge of diseases of family caregivers are the influencing factors,so it is necessary to pay attention to the physical and mental health of this group in community management,and suggest strengthening community health education and taking effective intervention measures to improve the mental resilience of this group.