冷环境中局部加热对足部热感觉的影响

Effect of local heating on thermal sensation of the foot in a cold environment

为探究低温环境中单一与组合形式的足部局部加热对足部热感觉的影响,采用真人着装试验,在温度为0℃、相对湿度为50%的人工气候舱内,分别在受试者的足底前部、足背前部、足内侧中部、足底中部和足跟等5个单区域进行局部加热,并交叉设计4组双区域加热方式进行组合加热,记录受试者的主观热感觉评价得分以及足部各局部区域的皮肤温度、血流灌注量。结果表明:足部局部区域加热均能提高其皮肤温度,且越靠近加热区域的皮肤升温越快;单区域加热方式中加热足背前部区域能显著提高足部血流灌注量,双区域组合加热方式对足部皮肤温度与热感觉的提升更平缓均衡;综合对比得出足底前部和足内侧中部的双区域组合方式的热感最佳。

In order to investigate the effects of single and combined heating areas on foot thermal comfort in a low-temperature environment, the human-wearing trials were carried out in the artificial climate chamber at 0 ℃ and 50% relative humidity. The five single-areas including the anterior plantar region, the anterior dorsal region, the middle medial region of the foot, the middle plantar region and the heel were chosen to heat, and four dual-region combined-areas were cross-designed. During the tests, subjective thermal sensation, skin temperature and blood perfusion in the local regions of subjects’ feet were recorded. The results show that heating in different areas of foot increases the skin temperature in all parts of the foot, and the closer to the heating area, the faster the increase of the skin temperature. Blood perfusion significantly increases when heating only in the anterior dorsal region of foot. The skin temperature and subjective thermal sensation increases smoothly in the way of the dual-region combined areas heating. A comprehensive comparison shows that the sock with the best thermal effect is that with the combined heating areas in the anterior plantar region and the middle medial region of the foot.