甘薯机械化移栽分苗取苗技术研究现状及展望

Research status and prospect of sweet potato mechanized transplanting technology

甘薯机械化移栽是目前甘薯机械化种植的薄弱环节,由于薯苗生长过程中可能出现的茎秆弯曲及群体纠缠等物理特性,移栽过程中的分苗取苗技术已成为制约甘薯自动移栽机设计和发展而亟需解决的关键问题。通过阐述国内外甘薯分苗取苗技术的研究现状,对目前投入使用的甘薯自动移栽机进行比较,得出现有甘薯自动移栽机存在人工参与度过高、甘薯分苗专用装置少和地区差异大等问题。提出设立甘薯标准化育苗剪苗规范、细化移栽过程,加强视觉识别和信息技术的应用等发展建议,为甘薯机械化移栽分苗取苗技术的进一步发展提供参考依据。

The mechanized transplanting of sweet potato is the weak link of the current mechanized sweet potato planting.Due to the physical characteristics such as stem bending and group entanglement which may occur during the growth of sweet potato seedlings,the technology of dividing seedlings and taking seedlings during the transplanting process has become a key problem which restricts the design and development of automatic sweet potato transplanters and needs to be solved urgently.This paper expounds the research status of sweet potato seedlings and harvesting technology at home and abroad,analyzes the problems existing in the sweet potato automatic transplanters currently in use,such as too high manual participation,few special devices for sweet potato seedling and great regional differences.This paper puts forward the relevant suggestions and countermeasures,such as establishing the standard of sweet potato seedling raising and cutting,refining the transplanting process,strengthening the application of visual identification and information technology,for the development direction of sweet potato automatic seedlings and harvesting technology.