基于下桩采摘的干后青花椒脱粒装置研究

Research on threshing device of dried green Zanthoxylum based on branch picking

重庆地区大部分青花椒生产均为小规模农户家庭种植经营模式,针对“主枝回缩采摘技术”即下桩采摘烘干后的青花椒物料,设计一种结构紧凑且功耗小的冲击式脱粒装置。对喂料部件、脱粒部件、搅料齿杆装置等关键部件进行设计分析,确定装置各部分结构和工作参数。使用ANSYS Workbench软件对脱粒装置进行有限元分析,机架受到的振动影响较小;对装置喂料机构的伸缩扒齿进行静力学分析,满足强度要求。并对样机进行正交试验,在脱粒转速为170 r/min、输入速度为13 m/min、分段式套筒脱粒元件形式下,物料的脱净率为94.01%,含杂率为6.33%,达到较优的脱粒效果。

Most of the production of Chinese prickly ash in Chongqing is based on the family planting and operation mode of small-scale farmers.In view of the“main branch retraction picking technology”,that is,the green Zanthoxylum material after branch is picked and dried,an impact threshing device with compact structure and low power consumption is designed.The key components such as feeding component,threshing component and stirring gear rod device were designed and analyzed to determine the structure and working parameters of each part of the device.The finite element analysis of the threshing device was carried out using ANSYS Workbench software,and the vibration of the frame was less affected.The static analysis of the telescopic teeth of the feeding mechanism of the device was carried out to meet the strength requirements.The prototype was manufactured and assembled,and the orthogonal test was carried out on the prototype.Under the condition of the threshing speed of 170 r/min,the input speed of 13 m/min,and the segmented sleeve threshing element,the threshing rate of the material reached 94.01%,and the impurity rate was 6.33%,thus the better threshing effect was achieved.