精神专科-社区-家庭支持性干预方案在精神分裂症恢复期患者中的应用

Application of Psychiatric Specialty-Community-Family Supportive Intervention Regimen in the Nursing of Schizophrenia during Convalescent Stage

目的:探讨精神专科-社区-家庭支持性干预方案在精神分裂症恢复期患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年11月1日~2020年11月30日收治的60例精神分裂症恢复期患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和观察组各30例,对照组接受常规护理,观察组接受精神专科-社区-家庭支持性干预方案,两组均护理3个月;比较两组护理前后用药依从性[采用Morisky用药依从性问卷(MMAS-8)]、症状控制情况[采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)]、认知能力[采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)]、社会功能[采用个人和社会功能量表(PSP)]、社会适应能力[采用社会适应能力量表(SAFE)]、康复状态[采用Morningside康复状态量表(MRSS)]及生活质量[采用精神分裂症患者生活质量量表(SQLS)]、随访1年复发率。结果:护理3个月后,两组BPRS、SAFE、MRSS、SQLS评分均低于护理前(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);护理3个月后,两组MMAS-8、MoCA、PSP评分均高于护理前(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在精神分裂症恢复期患者护理中应用精神专科-社区-家庭支持性干预方案,能提高患者用药依从性,帮助患者控制精神分裂症状,在改善其社会功能,提高社会适应能力及生活质量方面均有较好效果,对预后康复有积极意义。

Objective:To explore the application effect of psychiatric specialty-community-family supportive intervention regimen in the nursing of schizophrenia during convalescent stage.Methods:A total of 60 patients with schizophrenia during convalescent stage admitted between November 1,2019 and November 30,2020 were selected as the research subjects,and were divided into the control group and the observation group with 30 cases in each group according to the random number table method.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group was given psychiatric specialty-community-family supportive intervention regimen nursing,and both groups were nursed for 3 months.Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS-8),Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS),Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA),Personal and Social Performance Scale(PSP),Social Adaptive Functioning Evaluation(SAFE),Morningside Rehabilitation Status Scale(MRSS)and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale(SQLS)were used to evaluate the two groups of patients,and the recurrence rate at 1 year of follow-up was recorded.Results:After 3 months of nursing,the scores of BPRS,SAFE,MRSS and SQLS in the two groups were lower than those before nursing(P<0.05),and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After 3 months of nursing,the scores of MMAS-8,MoCA and PSP were higher in the two groups than those before nursing,and those were higher in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of psychiatric specialty-community-family support intervention regimen in the nursing of patients with schizophrenia during convalescent stage can enhance the medication adherence,help patients to control the schizophrenia symptoms,and improve the social function and enhance the social adaptability and quality of life,and has positive significance on prognosis and rehabilitation.