自适应传输技术在风机故障监测中的应用研究

Research on Application of Adaptive Transmission Technology in Fan Fault Monitoring

对隧道中的轴流风机进行健康状态监测时,由于计算能力的限制,故障监测系统无法在本地进行故障类别的判断,需要通过无线传输方式使振动数据在接收端进行时频分析;由于隧道中传输环境复杂导致无线信号传输多径衰落严重,在这种情况下采用LoRa(long range radio,远距离无线电)扩频芯片搭建故障监测系统,其独有的扩频调制技术能使数据在恶劣环境下可靠传输,但是恶劣环境下的数据传输速率较低;针对该问题提出自适应传输机制,信道环境较好时增加采样频率和量化编码位数,传输更多的振动信息细节以提高故障判别的正确率;信道环境变差后减少上传的数据以减轻传输压力,并在不同信道环境下对该自适应传输策略的故障监测系统性能进行分析;最后通过实验分析,相较于普通的4G传输,添加自适应传输策略的LoRa故障监测系统,对于轴流风机的故障诊断可达到更高的正确率,更适合在隧道等恶劣环境下可靠高效传输数据。

When monitoring the health status of the axial fans in the tunnel, because of the limitation of computing power, the fault monitoring system cannot judge the fault type locally, the vibration data of the receiving end is analyzed in time-domain through wireless transmission. The complex environment leads to serious multipath fading of wireless signal transmission. In this case, Long Range Radio(LoRa) spread spectrum chip is used to build a fault monitoring system. Its unique spread spectrum modulation technology enables reliable data transmission in the harsh environments, but the data transmission rate of the harsh environments is low, to solve this problem, an adaptive transmission mechanism is proposed. When the channel environment is better, the sampling frequency and quantization code bits are increased, and more vibration information details are transmitted to improve the accuracy of fault identification;After the channel environment becomes worse, reducing the uploaded data is used to relief the transmission pressure, and the performance of the fault monitoring system of the adaptive transmission strategy is analyzed in different channel environments. Finally, through the experimental analysis, compared with ordinary 4G transmission, the LoRa fault monitoring system with the adaptive transmission strategy can achieve better accuracy for fault diagnosis in the axial fans, and it is more suitable for reliable and efficient data transmission in the harsh environments such as tunnels.