2017-2021年15691例孕妇首次产前筛查感染性指标分析

The analysis of infectious indicators of 15691 pregnant women in the first prenatal screening from 2017 to 2021

目的 探讨北京市昌平地区建档孕妇首次产前筛查感染性指标阳性情况。方法 对2017-2021年间,在北京积水潭医院回龙观院区建档并进行首次产前筛查的15 691例孕妇进行HBsAg、抗HCV抗体、抗TP抗体和抗HIV抗体检测,对抗TP抗体阳性样本进行确认实验和滴度检测,并进行统计分析。结果 15 691例孕妇首次产前筛查HBsAg阳性率为2.09%(328/15 691)、抗HCV抗体阳性率为0.42%(66/15 691)、抗TP抗体阳性率为0.61%(95/15 691)、抗HIV抗体初筛阳性率为0.08%(12/15 691),其中抗HIV抗体初筛12例阳性,经北京市疾病预防控制中心复检确诊1例感染。2017-2021年,孕妇HBsAg、抗TP抗体阳性率逐年降低(P <0.05);各年份间抗HCV抗体阳性率相比,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);HBs Ag阳性率随孕妇年龄升高增加(P <0.05),抗HCV抗体、抗TP抗体、抗HIV抗体在各年龄组之间相比,差异均无统计学意义(P均> 0.05);95例TP抗体阳性样本中,TPPA确证6例阳性,TRUST试验中4例检出抗体滴度。结论 北京昌平地区孕妇2017-2021年乙型肝炎、梅毒感染性指标阳性率逐年降低,HBs Ag阳性率随孕妇年龄升高而增加,对感染性指标进行筛查和监测有助于掌握孕妇传染病感染状况,及时进行母婴阻断和治疗,对孕产妇及新生儿的传染病防治和优生优育有重要意义。

Objective We explored the positive status of infectious indicators in the first prenatal screening of pregnant women in Changping, Beijing, include of HBsAg, anti-HCV antibody, anti-TP antibody and anti-HIV antibody. Methods A total of 15691 pregnant women, during the first prenatal screening from 2017 to 2021, were tested for the HBsAg, and the anti-HCV antibody, anti-TP antibody, antiHIV antibodies. The positive samples of anti-TP were tested for confirmation and titer detection. Moreover, the results were analyzed statistically.Results The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HCV antibody, anti-TP antibody, and anti-HIV antibody in pregnant women for the first prenatal screening were 2.09%(328/15 691), 0.42%(66/15 691), 0.61%(95/15 691), and 0.08%(12/15 691), respectively. Twelve pregnant women were positive for the anti-HIV antibody dection, and one patient was confirmed to be infected by the reexamination of CDC. The positive rate of HBsAg and anti-TP antibody decreased significantly(P <0.05) year by year from 2017 to 2021. However, there was no significant difference in antiHCV antibody among years(P >0.05). Among the pregnant women of different ages, only the positive rate of HBsAg increased significantly with age(P <0.05). Among the 95 positive samples of anti-TP antibody, there were 6 positive samples confirmed by TPPA test, and 4 positive samples during TRUST test. Conclusions From 2017 to 2021, the positive rate of hepatitis B and syphilis infection indicators among pregnant women in Changping District of Beijing decreased year by year, and the HBsAg positive rate increased with the age of pregnant women. The prenatal screening of infection helps to find out timely whether the pregnant women are infected, and can help to block and treat the infected mothers and their babies, which is beneficial to the prevention and management of infections of pregnant women and newborns and eugenics.