道教三官多元形态的时空谱系

The Time-space Genealogy on the Pluralistic Forms of the Sanguan of Taoism

三官是道教的重要神明之一,自东汉以来,以天地水三官为核心形成五种形态:天地水三官、陈子椿三子三官、唐宏葛雍周武三官、茅盈茅衷茅固三官、尧舜禹三官。天地水三官在清时遍布全国,随着移民进入东亚东南亚国家,形成更为广泛的空间谱系;其他四种三官形态发生于明清时期,发生发展于不同地区,形成时空谱系。对这一时空谱系的研究,不仅有利于认识中华传统文化的多元一体性,认识中华文化的凝聚性与向心力,而且是构建中华民族共同体意识的学术基础之一。

Sanguan, or the Three Officials of Heaven, Earth and Water, is one of the most important Taoist ideas of deities. Since the 1st century, these three officials have been believed to have developed into five forms. The Heaven-Earth-Water form, the most representative of the five, had believers all over China. As more Chinese immigrated to Southeastern Asia, a wider space genealogy began to take shape.Meanwhile the other four forms emerged between the 14th and the 19th centuries in different areas, forming the time-space genealogy. More than helping explain diversity and unity and the consequent cohesive force of the traditional Chinese culture, study of this time-space genealogy constitutes one of the bases on which sense of the Chinese national community can be constructed.