汉代孕妇饮食禁忌略论

On Dietary Taboos for Pregnant Women in the Han Dynasty

孕妇饮食禁忌是汉代女性饮食文化的重要组成部分。孕妇在实施胎教过程中,不宜食用邪味及割不正的食品;而不同胎龄所应忌口食品,与巫术中物类相感效应论密切相关。此外,大饥过饱、偏嗜某味、酗酒等不当饮食行为皆应避忌,以免给孕妇及胎儿带来不良影响。汉代孕妇食品及行为禁忌于现代妇女养生孕育依旧有指导意义,对此应辩证看待,取精去糟,为当代确立健康科学的孕育饮食新风提供有益的资源与积极的启示。

Dietary taboos for pregnant women were an important part of women’s diet culture in the Han Dynasty.During the antenatal education process,pregnant women should not eat foods with weird flavors and improper cuts;and the foods,that should be avoided at different gestational ages,were closely related to the theory of the food effect of mutual induction in witchcraft.In addition,to avoid adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses,inappropriate eating behaviors such as hunger and overeating,preference for certain flavors and drinking alcohol should be evaded.The foods and behaviors of the pregnant women in the Han Dynasty still have some guiding significance for modern women’s health and pregnancy,which should be considered dialectically so as to take the essence and discard the dregs and to provide useful resources and positive enlightenment for establishing a new trend of healthy and scientific diet during pregnancy in the contemporary era.